Diabetic Foot Care Advice

Are You Having Cold Feet?

2009-04-03T13:44:00.000+08:00

Cold feet occurs when the very small arteries in the feet go into spasms and constrict the blood flow to the various tissues. It is commonly happening for women who suffer from the benign genetic condition known as Raynaud's disease.

Cold feet is also a symptom that occurs when other factors, such as external temperature, caffeine, and tobacco, irritate the arteries in the feet.

Mild cases of cold feet can be treated with wearing warm socks, toe warmers, and precaution. However please consult your physician if your toes turn black or dusky blue, having persistant pain for more than 2 hours, or if red toes does not turn back to your natural skin colour when pressure is applied to them.

So becareful if you think that your feet are feeling cold all the time. Check with your podiatrist as soon as possible.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

2009-01-15T05:58:00.001+08:00

Pain on the inside of the ankle or bottom of the foot could be caused by tarsal tunnel syndrome. The pain associated with tarsal tunnel syndrome is typically a burning or shooting pain. It may also cause numbness or a tingling sensation.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is similar to the more widely known carpal tunnel syndrome that affects the hands and wrists. The tarsal tunnel is located on the inside of the ankle. The nerves to the foot run through the tarsal tunnel. When these nerves are compressed, tarsal tunnel syndrome can develop. Tendons, arteries, and veins are also contained in the tarsal tunnel.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome can have a sudden onset. It may be caused by overuse, such as extended periods of walking or standing. It may also be triggered by vigorous exercise. Tarsal tunnel syndrome can be aggravated by the beginning of a new exercise routine.

Individuals with an outward tilt to their stance are more susceptible to developing tarsal tunnel syndrome. Therefore, those with fallen arches are more at risk for this disorder. Tarsal tunnel syndrome may also be caused by pressure exerted on the nerves in the tarsal tunnel. Cysts, varicose veins, arthritic spurs, or a swollen tendon can compromise the space of the tarsal tunnel.

An injury can cause tarsal tunnel syndrome. If an injury, such as an ankle sprain, causes swelling, the swelling could compress the nerves of the tarsal tunnel. Other diseases that can cause swelling, such as diabetes, can cause tarsal tunnel syndrome in the same manner. Being overweight can increase a person’s risk of developing the disorder.

Because the foot pain could have other causes, a physician must diagnose the condition. Early diagnosis and treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome is highly recommended. If left untreated, tarsal tunnel syndrome can cause permanent nerve damage.

Plantar Fasciitis Stretching Exercises

2008-09-30T10:24:00.001+08:00

Plantar fasciitis is a painful condition caused by inflammation of the ligament that connects the heel to the base of the toes. One non-invasive treatment for plantar fasciitis is to do exercises that stretch the Achilles tendon, calf, and plantar fascia. You may want to warm up a little before doing plantar fasciitis stretches.

One warm up is to take steps on a flight of stairs. One stretch begins by standing approximately two feet away from a wall. The person should lean against the wall. Bending one leg comfortably, the person should straighten the other leg, placing it about six inches behind them with the heel on the floor. They should hold the stretch for about ten seconds. The person should feel the stretch of the Achilles tendon in the straightened leg. They should switch positions and stretch the other leg.

The stretch should be repeated twenty times. Another stretch of the plantar fasciitis begins with the person’s toes against the wall with heels on the floor. They should bring their hips closer to the wall so that their feet is at a forty-five degree angle. This exercise stretches the calf and the plantar fascia.

A third exercise can be done while sitting in a chair. The person should rest the ankle of the injured foot on the knee of the opposite leg. They should gently push the toes backward until they feel a slight pull or stretch in the bottom of their foot.

Another plantar fasciitis exercise begins with leaning forward onto a countertop. The person’s feet should be spread apart with one foot in front of the other. Keeping their heels on the floor, they should squat and hold the stretch for ten seconds and relax.

If pain is experienced in the morning as is common with plantar fasciitis, the person can do a simple exercise before getting out of bed. The person should lie on their back. They should use their big toes to write the letters of the alphabet in the air. After writing the alphabet, they should stretch the plantar fascia by gently raising their big toes towards their shins.

Recommended: Plantar Fasciitis Night Splints, Best Shoes For Plantar Fasciitis And Heel Cushions

Herbal Remedies For Athlete's Foot

2008-09-02T17:02:00.002+08:00

Herbal remedies are alternative treatments that use plants and plant extracts. Therefore, herbal remedies for athlete’s foot contain only plant-based ingredients. Home remedies for athlete’s foot often use plant extracts, but also use other ingredients such as Epsom salts.

Ginger is one herbal remedy for athlete’s foot. Ginger contains caprylic acid. This natural acid fights fungal infections. To prepare a herbal remedy using ginger, one ounce of crushed ginger is added to a cup of boiling water. This mixture should simmer for twenty minutes. After the mixture has cooled, it can be applied directly to the affected area.

One powerful anti-fungal herb is licorice. Licorice contains twenty-five fungicidal compounds. In addition to athlete’s foot, it has been used to treat ringworm. To make a strong licorice tonic, add five to seven teaspoons of dried licorice to a cup of boiling water. The mixture should be brought to a boil and simmered for twenty minutes. The licorice tonic can be applied to the athlete’s foot infection.

Chamomile is a member of the ragweed family. Chamomile oil can be used alone or mixed with tea tree oil. If the person is allergic to ragweed, it should be used cautiously or not at all. If it is used by someone with an allergy, the person should watch the area of application after a small amount is applied. The person should wait a few days to judge if an allergic reaction has occurred before reapplying.

Goldenseal has an antifungal and an antibacterial agent. It can be used as an antibiotic. Goldenseal is available as a tincture or it can be made into a tonic by adding five to seven teaspoons of dried goldenseal to a cup of boiling water. When making the tonic, the mixture should simmer for twenty minutes. After it cools, it should be applied to the affected area three times a day.

Lemongrass tea can be consumed or used lemongrass tea bags can be applied to the affected area as a compress. Tomato sauce with herbs can be used as an antifungal treatment for athlete’s foot. Generous amounts of basil, celery, carrot, dill, fennel, sage, and thyme can be added to a sauce made from tomatoes. The feet can soak in the sauce or people with athlete’s foot can place the sauce between their toes.

Must have: Shoe Deodorizer

Home Remedies For Ingrown Toenails

2008-08-29T11:33:00.002+08:00

Ingrown toenails can be extremely painful. The big toe is usually affected. Toenails that are curved are more prone to developing ingrown toenails. Cutting toenails straight across and avoiding cutting them too short will help prevent ingrown toenails.

If an ingrown toenail develops, there are some home remedies that provide relief for some sufferers. One home remedy starts by soaking the foot in salt water for half an hour. After the soak, gently use a tweezers to pry the nail over the skin in which it is embedded. A small piece of gauze or cotton should be wedged between the nail and the broken skin so that about a third of the gauze or cotton extends beyond the injury.

This process should be repeated every day until the nail is safely growing over the skin. The cotton or gauze should be changed frequently, as leaving such a bandage in place for an extended period of time could cause a bacterial infection.

Some home remedies for ingrown toenails involve lemons. Applying a small wedge of lemon against the toe, securing it with a bandage or medical tape, and covering it with a sock overnight is said to make the nail pliable enough to allow the person to free the nail from the skin. Another lemon remedy is to submerge the toe in half a lemon overnight before attempting to free the toenail from the skin.

Some suggest keeping a strip of waxed dental floss between the toenail and the affected skin. Remember to change it frequently to reduce the risk of infection. Smoothing the edges of the toenail with a file is mentioned in some home remedy. The idea is to make the nail less sharp and somewhat less likely to cut into the skin of the toe. If home remedies fail to provide relief, seek medical attention.

Recommended: Ingrown Toenail Clipper, Ingrown Toenail File And Ingrown Toenails Treatment

Bovine DNA Treatment Tested For Diabetic Foot Ulcers

2008-08-18T15:26:00.002+08:00

A new treatment for the troublesome diabetic foot is being tested in Las Vegas, Nevada. The treatment is a topical gel that stimulates the growth of new blood vessels and tissue. The gel is called Excellarate.

People with diabetes are prone to developing foot ulcers. Due to the loss of sensation that often accompanies diabetes, the ulcer or sore may get bad before it is even noticed. The poor circulation that diabetics often experience makes the healing process slow. Ulcers that fail to heal leave the wound susceptible to infection.

In cases where the infection becomes severe, the foot has to be amputated. Up to twenty-five percent of diabetics who develop foot ulcers will have to have the foot amputated. Therefore, regular inspections of the foot to check for sores are extremely important for diabetics. If a sore is noticed and treated early, it is less likely to cause significant problems than those sore that go unnoticed and become infected.

Excellarate is on clinical trial to test the effectiveness it has in promoting healing for diabetics with foot sores. Excellarate is made from bovine DNA attached to a form of the flu virus. Bovine refers to originating from cows or oxen. Excellarate is also called GAM501. GAM stands for gene activated matrix. The DNA in the medication activates cell growth which would aid the healing process for diabetics with foot ulcers.

It could take four more years for clinical trials to be complete. Diabetic patients who are at least eighteen years old and have had a foot ulcer for six weeks or more may be eligible to participate in the clinical trial. Participants in the clinical study must also be taking insulin or other medication to control their diabetes and be willing to wear a protective shoe during the clinical trial.

Recommended: Peripheral Neuropathy Footwear, Diabetic Foot Cream, Other Diabetic Foot Supplies And Special Diabetic Socks

Salon Pedicure Safety

2008-08-15T16:14:00.002+08:00

Pedicures should not lead to health problems, but unsanitary conditions can expose a salon client to infection. The possible diseases that a salon client can be exposed to include nail fungus, hepatitis, tuberculosis, and staph infection. Most infections acquired from pedicures are due to contaminated foot baths.

In the United States, states regulate the sanitation practices of nail salons. Some previously used practices are now banned by government regulations. The use of razors during pedicures is now considered too risky. Cutting cuticles is also considered a high risk practice as it can expose the client to infections.

A new client should consider asking the staff of the salon to disclose their sanitation practices. If the salon practices fail to meet the client’s expectations, a client should search for a salon that meets those expectations.

When entering a nail salon, there are some clues about the sanitation that are readily apparent. Though a dirty nail salon is a clear warning sign, overall cleanliness does not guarantee that the salon is safe.

A responsible nail salon disinfects the tools and the foot tubs and their filtering components between clients. Recommended sanitary practices for nail salons include the use of hospital-grade disinfectants. Filters for whirlpool foot tubs are typically recommended to be soaked in disinfectant for ten minutes after each use.

Items that are disposable should be thrown away after use. Nail files, foot files, and pumice stones should never be used on more than one client. Towels should never be reused on different clients without being washed. If a client witnesses the reuse of these items or signs of intention of reuse such as placing a used nail file in the drawer, they should deem the salon unsanitary and go elsewhere for their pedicures.

A pedicure should not risk the clients’ health. With proper sanitation practices, the risk of infection is minimal.

Recovery From Hammertoe Surgery

2008-08-12T14:08:00.002+08:00

Hammertoe occurs when the joints of the toe become abnormally contracted. The toes become bent and deformed. This deformed position often starts with some flexibility remaining. Over time, the bent toes may become rigid. Though noninvasive treatments are normally attempted first, sometimes surgery is necessary to correct hammertoe.

Following surgery, the patient may be fitted with a post-operative shoe. The post-operative shoe is an orthotic device that has a stiff sole to protect the toes by restricting any bending movement of the foot. The foot should remain bandaged for about a week following the procedure.

The surgeon is likely to instruct the patient to restrict activity during the first two weeks of recovery. The use of crutches may be recommended to reduce the amount of pressure on the healing toes. Some pain and swelling is common following hammertoe surgery. The surgeon may prescribe the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to help alleviate pain and swelling. Elevating the foot is commonly recommended.

If stitches have to be removed, the removal usually occurs between ten and fourteen days after the hammertoe surgery. This is unnecessary if the surgeon used dissolvable stitches. Any metal pins that were used to realign the toes and hold them in their new position are usually removed after three or four weeks following the procedure.

The swelling gradually subsides. More than half of the patients recovering from hammertoe surgery are able to wear regular, wide shoes within six weeks after surgery. The feet often begin to feel normal three months after surgery. If a surgical pin was used, it may take longer to be able to wear shoes as shoes cannot be worn until after the pin is removed.

As with most surgeries, infection and complications can happen. The surgeon will provide instructions on what to do if the patient experiences any symptoms of infection.

Orthotics for hammertoes

Complications Of Hammertoe Surgery

2008-08-07T16:59:00.000+08:00

Hammertoe is a condition in which the toes become deformed, becoming abnormally bent. Hammertoe surgery is a common treatment method for hammertoe. It rarely causes complications. As with any surgery, it is important for the patient to follow the postoperative instructions given by the surgeon. Pain and some swelling is common following surgery, but it gradually subsides after the first night following surgery. Sometimes, the patient’s treated toes develop more severe effects from the surgery.

Swollen toe, sometimes called “sausage toe,” is the most common complication from hammertoe surgery. This swelling is often caused by damage to the lymphatic or circulatory system during surgery. Some swelling can be expected following surgery. The physician may suggest taping or strapping to prevent or control troublesome swelling. The swelling usually subsides on its own within six months following surgery.

Malpositioning of the toes is another complication of hammertoe surgery. Unlike swelling, malpositioning often causes long-term problems. Malpositioning of the toes during hammertoe surgery can be caused by excessive shortening or excessive straightening of one or more toes.

Excessive straightening is the most common malpositioning complication. Excessive straightening of the toe can cause that toe to become irritated by the other toes. The straightened toe can develop mallet toe or a reverse swan neck deformity.

Another complication is referred to as “floppy toe.” In the case of floppy toe, the patient experiences discomfort especially when putting on socks. It causes a feeling of a loss of function of the toe. Floppy toe is caused by excessive bony resection. Floppy toe may be able to be corrected with surgery. In some cases, the floppy toe may need to be amputated.

Infection can occur at the surgical site. Common signs of infection include fever and inflammation. The patient should notify the physician if they experience signs of infection or if they experience any other complications.

Soft Corns

2008-08-01T13:13:00.000+08:00

Corns are a buildup of hardened skin that forms as a protection from friction or pressure. Hard corns and soft corns are two types of corns. Hard corns are most common. Hard corns often form on the tops or tips of the toes and are usually due to ill-fitting shoes. Soft corns usually form between the toes.

Soft corns are sometimes called “kissing corns” or heloma molle. Unlike hard corns, soft corns consist of whitish, moist skin and may be pea-sized. These usually form between the fourth and fifth toes. Soft corns can be caused by an abnormality of the toe bones. If left untreated, soft corns are at risk of infection and can form small, open sores.

Both hard and soft corns are painful. They can be treated by over-the-counter corn treatments. Some people find relief by placing a foam wedge or small piece of lamb’s wool between the fourth and fifth toes to alleviate some of the pressure. Arch supports may help alleviate some of the pressure between the toes by shifting the distribution of pressure on the foot. If a soft corn is caused by an irregularity of the toe bones, this cause needs to be addressed with a podiatrist in order to stop soft corns from recurring.

Shoes that are too narrow or have pointy toes may aggravate the condition. Wearing shoes with wide toe boxes and cotton socks is recommended. Some people suggest the application of antibiotic ointment to the area of the soft corn.

It can be difficult to tell if the painful white skin is a soft corn or a symptom of severe athlete’s foot. A physician needs to examine a soft corn to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment for the soft corn. The over-the-counter corn treatments will often remove the corn, but if there if the cause is not addressed, it will return.

Over-The-Counter Corn Treatments

2008-07-30T16:05:00.001+08:00

Corns are hardened, raised bumps of skin that commonly occur on the toes in response to pressure or friction. Ill-fitting shoes, excessive time spent standing or walking, being flat-footed, and advanced age can be contributing factors for developing corns.

There are over-the-counter treatments available to treat corns. Over-the-counter remedies for corns usually contain acid that attacks the hardened skin of the corn. Keep in mind that the acid may also damage the surrounding, healthy skin. Be careful to follow the directions to minimize any such damage.

Corn pads or corn cushions without acid are used to protect the corn from any additional friction from shoes. They are foam, donut-shaped cushions. They will not remove the corn, but they can prevent it from getting worse.

Corn plasters are over-the-counter corn treatments. They are felt pads that contain an acid, often salicylic acid. Before applying a corn plaster, the person may want to jumpstart the treatment by soaking the foot for at least ten minutes, then removing some of the hard skin by rubbing the corn with a pumice stone. The foot should be dried thoroughly before the corn removal pad is applied.

Though over-the-counter treatments may eliminate the corn, it is likely to recur unless the cause has been addressed. If the corn was caused by friction from ill-fitting shoes and the person continues to wear shoes that don’t fit properly, the corn is likely to return. If the corn was caused by hammertoe, that deformity needs to be corrected by a podiatrist in order to stop corns from forming.

People with diabetes or atherosclerosis should avoid attempting to remedy foot problems on their own. They should seek medical attention for foot problems. Some doctors warn against the use of over-the-counter corn removers due to risk of infection or injury to healthy skin.

Arch Strain

2008-07-27T15:02:00.000+08:00

Arch strain is characterized by pain or a burning sensation in the arch of the foot. Arch strain can be caused by injury to the foot or a structural imbalance. It can be caused by another condition such as plantar fasciitis, flat feet, or tarsal tunnel syndrome. Plantar fasciitis is a painful condition affecting the plantar fascia, which is fibrous connective tissue on the bottom of the foot that runs from the heel to the ball of the foot.

Obesity and a sudden increase in foot activity can be causes of arch strain. It is important to warm up before increased activity to prevent strains. Wearing improper shoes can be a contributing factor. One symptom of arch strain is difficulty standing tiptoe. A person with a strained arch often feels tenderness in the inner soles of the foot.

Treatment of arch strain is focused on allowing the plantar fascia to heal properly. Rest and avoiding high heels are highly recommended. A podiatrist may prescribe the use of an orthotic to ease the pressure on the plantar fascia. Wearing supportive shoes, like athletic shoes, can encourage healing.

Ice packs can help alleviate inflammation at the onset of the arch pain. Ice packs should not be applied directly to the skin. Heating pads are sometimes used, especially if there is no swelling. Over-the-counter non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory medication can help reduce pain and inflammation. Over-the-counter arch-supporting insoles may provide some relief. If pain persists, the person with arch pain should seek care from a physician.

A physician may order x-rays to check for the presence of heel spurs. The physician may tape the arch to give it support while healing and restrict foot movement. Exercises may be suggested. Persistent arch pain could indicate problems with the foot, such as arthritis or damaged nerves, which require medical attention.

Surgery For Hammertoe

2008-07-23T16:27:00.000+08:00

Hammertoe refers to a condition that causes the toes to become unnaturally bent. Hammertoe affects the smaller toes of the foot, not the big toe. This condition can be painful when shoes are worn due to friction on the tops of the bent toes. It can also cause pain if the bones of the toes to become dislocated.

Surgery is often the recommended treatment for hammertoe. Mild cases may be treated with orthotics, but moderate to severe cases may require surgical intervention. The surgery to correct hammertoes is done under local anesthesia as an outpatient surgical procedure. Typically, the surgery lasts approximately fifteen minutes per toe.

Before surgery, the podiatrist will determine which surgical intervention is best suited for the condition. There are many different surgeries designed to treat hammertoes. The rigidity of the toes that developed hammertoe is one consideration in determining which surgical intervention is appropriate.

If the hammertoe still has some flexibility, tendon release surgery may be performed. Tendon release is a surgery during which the tendon of the toe is repositioned in order to loosen the tension on the toe joint. If the tendon is released and not repositioned, the procedure is called a tenotomy.

Arthroplasty and fusion are surgical methods to treat rigid hammertoes. During an arthroplasty, part of the affected toe joint is removed. The toe is straightened. The joint may be replaced with an implant. Without the implant, the bones of the toe become connected with scar tissue while healing. This allows the treated toe to regain some flexibility.

Fusion is a surgical procedure during which some cartilage and some bone are removed. Once the toe is straightened, it is held in position with a surgical pin. The pin is temporary and will be removed after several weeks.

Each surgery for hammertoe allows the person to bear weight on the foot following the procedure. It is important to follow the surgeon’s aftercare instructions to allow the toes to heal properly.

Research On Effectiveness Of Custom Orthotics

2008-07-23T11:06:00.000+08:00

Recent research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of custom-made orthotics to relieve foot pain. Eleven studies conducted by Australian researchers concluded that custom-made orthotic devices helped alleviate certain types of foot pain. One such study found that custom orthotics for the shoes eased the foot pain experienced by people who had abnormally high arches.

Custom orthotic devices differ from over-the-counter orthotics and insoles in that custom orthotics are prescribed by a physician. The physician captures a model of the patient’s foot, either with a plaster cast or a scanning device, such as the Xtremityscan. This allows the device to offer the best possible support for that individual.

The effectiveness of custom-made orthotics to ease pain has been studied for plantar fasciitis, high arches, rheumatoid arthritis, and bunions. The ability of orthotics to alleviate pain from plantar fasciitis is considered limited by a recent study. The level of pain relief was found to be better if the use of orthotics for shoes is combined with wearing night splints at night for the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

The research has indicated that custom-made orthotics provide the most effective pain relief from pain caused by high arches. It was noted, however, that not every patient with high arches will receive significant relief from pain with the use of orthotics. Custom-made orthotics has been shown to provide relief of pain due to bunions, though they are not as effective as surgical intervention.

One study indicated that custom-made orthotics ease the foot pain of those afflicted with juvenile idiopathic arthritis which is a form of arthritis that affects children. The study failed to show if custom-made orthotics were more effective than over-the-counter insoles.

Though the effectiveness of custom-made orthotics varied depending on the condition causing the pain, research has shown that the use of orthotics was better than no treatment.

Fish Pedicures

2008-07-22T07:13:00.000+08:00

Fish pedicures are foot soaks in a tub that contains small fish called garra rufa or doctor fish. The small fish are a species of carp. They are toothless and nibble on the dead skin on the feet. This is a replacement of the traditional razor treatment previously used to remove dead skin. Razor treatments have been deemed unsanitary by many states’ regulations.

This spa treatment is new to the United States. They have begun offering them in spas in the Washington D.C. area. Fish pedicures were initially used in Turkey and have become popular in some Asian countries. In March 2006, a few Japanese resorts and spas began to offer doctor fish spa treatments which include foot and hand soaks.

Clients report that the fish pedicures cause a tickle or tingling sensation as if the foot is asleep. After the feet are soaked in the tank containing about one hundred little carp, a traditional pedicure is administered to finish the foot care regimen. The cost of the fish pedicures range from $35 to $50.

Garra rufa are native to hot springs in Turkey. Since the doctor fish live in warm water that does not support plant life, they are accustomed to eating whatever is available. They eat the dry, dead skin on the feet, but do not harm healthy tissue. Garra rufa are different from the tench fish known as “doctor fish” in the U.K.

Doctor fish have been used to treat psoriasis and rheumatism. Immersing the body in a pool of small fish can provide a natural exfoliation treatment of the exposed and submerged skin.
People have visited the hot springs of the Kangal district in Turkey for treatment of psoriasis, abscesses, and skin conditions. Some people who have significant build up of dry skin have experienced minor bleeding while bathing in the hot springs. However, the minerals of the spring water are said to promote healing.

Foot Exercises

2008-07-18T08:54:00.000+08:00

Foot exercises are recommended to promote healthy circulation. Exercising the feet and leg muscles throughout the day can prevent tension, cramps, and aches in the legs and feet. If you are sitting for extended periods of time, drop a few pens or pencils on the floor and pick them up one by one with your toes. Also while sitting, rest the ankle of one foot on the knee of the opposite leg. Gently push the toes backward until you feel a stretch in the bottom of your foot. Relax and repeat with the other foot.

If your feet feel tense during the day, shake them. Shake one foot at a time, then relax and flex your toes upwards before relaxing. Then, flex them downwards. Rotating the feet in circles can help. While seated in a chair, remove your shoes and lift your legs so that the thighs are slightly raised from the chair. Rotate the ankles to create clockwise circles with the feet. Do that several times, then, rotate the feet in the counter-clockwise direction.

Rolling the feet over a tennis ball can help stretch the muscles of the arches. If the feet are sore, you may want to try a plastic tennis ball tube container containing ice. Simply fill an empty tennis ball tube with water and freeze. Roll the feet back and forth over the tennis ball container.

For an Achilles tendon stretch, stand about two feet away from a wall. Lean forward against the wall. With one leg bent comfortably, straighten the other leg, placing it about six inches behind you. Lower the heel of the back foot to the floor. Hold for several seconds. Switch positions and stretch the other leg. Repeat twenty times. This exercise should be done as a gentle stretch of the Achilles tendon in the extended leg. The Achilles tendon is the tendon that is above the heel in the back of the foot.

Foot Odor

2008-07-17T08:57:00.000+08:00

Foot odor is caused by bacteria. The medical name for foot odor is bromhidrosis.This bacteria flourishes in the dampness created by the lack of ventilation in shoes and socks. The feet have thousands of sweat glands. The perspiration secreted by these sweat glands is composed of water, sodium chloride, fat, minerals, and acids. The bacteria break down the perspiration which results in foot odor.

There are several home remedies for problematic foot odor. Washing the feet daily with antibacterial soap and wearing shoes and socks that are of natural fibers which allow for proper ventilation can solve most cases of foot odor. Some people find it helpful to avoid wearing the same shoes every day. Alternating shoes allows the shoes to dry out thoroughly which prevents the buildup of dampness in the shoes.

If additional treatment is needed, a salt foot soak is one home remedy for foot odor. Soaking the feet in a combination of kosher salt and water will encourage the feet to be dry. However, it can also dry out the skin. If dry skin develops, either from the salt foot soak or use of antibacterial soap, reduce the frequency of use and apply moisturizer at night.

One way to fight food odor is to decrease the amount of perspiration that the feet produce. Stress increases sweating, so deep breathing and relaxation methods could actually help alleviate foot odor. Some people use antiperspirants on their feet to control foot odor. Antiperspirants reduce the amount of perspiration, thus reducing the perspiration available to the bacteria.

There are some over-the-counter foot powders that may provide some relief. Some powders can be applied directly to the feet. Other powders are for application to the shoes. There are also antifungal sprays for the shoes. If the shoes retain odor after being worn, they should be washed, if possible, then allowed to dry thoroughly before being treated with a spray.

Even though foot odor is a common problem, it is often a source of embarrassment. Someone experiencing foot odor should see improvement in the condition if they use these treatment methods. If the condition persists, a doctor should be consulted.

R.I.C.E. Therapy For Overuse Injuries

2008-07-16T16:19:00.000+08:00

Overuse injuries, sprains, and strains commonly affect the feet and ankles. If you suffer an overuse injury, there is an acronym that can help you remember the proper treatment for such injuries. R.I.C.E. therapy is an acronym to help you remember the steps for treatment that can help reduce swelling and promote healing of overuse injuries, sprains, and strains.

R.I.C.E. therapy stands for rest, ice, compression, elevation. Rest is appropriate to allow the joint and affected muscles to heal. Activity should be reduces as much as possible following such an injury. It is recommended that the person with a sprained or strained ankle avoids putting much weight on the injury, especially for the first forty-eight hours.

Ice should be applied to the injury as soon as possible. Ice should be applied in twenty-minute intervals and should not be applied directly to the skin. The ice should be applied several times a day. A physician can give directions on the precise routine that the patient should follow.

A compression bandage is often used to help reduce swelling. An ace bandage is commonly used for foot and ankle injuries. Some sprains required more immobilization. A removable cast may be used. The doctor will suggest the appropriate level of care.

The injured foot or ankle should be elevated above the level of the heart. This helps reduce swelling. R.I.C.E. therapy is largely focused on reducing swelling of the injury. In many cases, an over-the-counter pain reliever such as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is suggested.

If the injury is minor, following R.I.C.E. therapy and using NSAIDs may be all that is necessary. However, it is strongly recommended that the injury be examined by a physician, especially if bruising occurs. A black and blue bruise can indicate that a bone is broken instead of a joint sprain.

Foot Baths

2008-07-11T13:48:00.000+08:00

Foot baths, or foot soaks, are used for a variety of reasons. Foot baths are commonly used to treat minor foot ailments such as dry skin or athlete’s foot. They are also used for relaxation and to invigorate tired feet.

In order to prepare a foot bath, ingredients are added to the water for soaking feet. Most foot soaks start with a combination of water and Epsom salt. People add varying ingredients to obtain the desired effect. Some people prefer to boil the water before adding the salt and other ingredients. If you boil the water, make sure it has cooled properly before using it as a foot bath.

For relaxation, some like to add a couple drops of lavender essential oil to the combination of water and Epsom salt. Some people prefer tea tree oil, sandlewood, or Ylang Ylang oil instead of the lavender. Sandlewood and Ylang Ylang oil have soothing effects. Tea tree oil has an antifungal property and is sometimes used as a treatment for athlete’s foot.

One peppermint foot soak is to add a few drops of peppermint essential oil, a drop of eucalyptus essential oil, and one drop of lemon essential oil to plain, boiling water. Let the boiling mixture cool before using it as a foot soak.

You may choose to experiment with essential oils that are relaxing or invigorating to you. When doing a foot soak, just relax the feet in the prepared foot bath for at least several minutes. If the goal is to relax, create a relaxing environment in the room where you will do the foot soak. You may choose to light candles in that room or do another relaxing activity, such as reading, while you soak your feet.

If the skin of the feet is dry, pat the feet dry after the foot bath and apply liberal amounts of moisturizer. One natural remedy for dry feet that can effectively follow a foot bath is to apply shortening to the damp feet and put on socks. The socks prevent to shortening from rubbing off and getting the greasiness on floors and furniture. This can be done at night before going to bed.

Home Remedies For Athlete's Foot

2008-07-10T13:55:00.000+08:00

Athlete’s foot is a common fungal infection. It causes itching and burning sensations of the affected area. The fungal infection occurs in between the toes and can cause inflammation and peeling skin. There are some home remedies that have been used to treat athlete’s foot.

To cool the infected skin, some people use a foot wash that includes soothing herbs. Thoroughly blend fresh basil and salt with a cup of water. Heat the water to a boil. Allow the water to cool, then use as a foot soak. After soaking and drying the feet, you may want to try one of the following home remedies that attack the fungus.

Grapefruit seed extract or tea tree oil can be applied to the feet a few times a day to treat the infection. For grapefruit seed oil, rinse your hands and apply a few drops with to the infected skin with your wet hands. Tea tree oil can be applied with dry hands. Continue to use tea tree oil for several days after the infection has seemed to clear.

Several people use Listerine to treat athlete’s foot. Simply use the original formula Listerine as a foot soak. Another foot soak treatment uses cornmeal or cinnamon. For the cornmeal treatment, place some cornmeal, preferably the kind used to kill fungus on plants, in a basin and cover with water. Allow the cornmeal mixture to set for about an hour before adding warm water and soaking the feet. For the cinnamon remedy, add broken cinnamon sticks to boiling water. Simmer for five minutes and allow the water to cool before using it as a foot soak.

Garlic is touted as a crucial element in many home remedies. Some people crush garlic cloves and apply the garlic directly to the infected skin. Some people add crushed garlic cloves to warm water and use it as a foot soak. One home remedy for athlete’s foot includes adding the several teaspoons of the dried herb, licorice, to the warm, garlic-infused water before soaking the feet.

If the athlete’s foot does not clear with the use of a home remedy or an over-the-counter treatment, a doctor should be consulted.

Normal Aging Of The Feet

2008-07-07T15:34:00.000+08:00

Over time, normal changes to the feet can occur. The feet are under a tremendous amount of pressure during daily activity. While walking, each step puts two to three times as much force as the person’s body weight.

This pressure can alter the structure of the foot as the person ages. Feet can become slightly longer and wider. Some women experience such changes during pregnancy due to the added pressure of pregnancy-related weight gain.

There might be a slight flattening of the arch of the foot. This is normal as long as it is neither excessive nor causes pain. The foot and ankle may lose some flexibility with age as does many joints and muscles in the body. The pad of fat at the bottom of the heel may become thinner with age. Though these changes are unlikely to cause serious problems, they may be accompanied with a loss of balance.

Any foot changes that cause pain or deformities should be checked by a physician. Thickening of calluses such as corns or bony growths like bunions are not part of normal aging. Changes in the shape or alignment of the toes could be signs of problems with the muscles of the foot. A physician can diagnose the condition and recommend appropriate treatment.

Pain is not part of normal foot changes. Pain can indicate a problem with the nerves, such as Morton’s neuromas. It could also be due to fasciitis or other painful foot problems. Discolorations of the feet should not occur. Discoloration could be a sign of a circulation problem.

Arthritis is a common problem among older adults. Arthritis can cause problems with the feet. Arthritis in the feet can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. Though there is no cure for arthritis, medical treatment can limit its damage and debilitating effects. A doctor should be consulted for any foot problems that are not part of normal aging.

Proper Shoes For Cycling

2008-07-05T01:22:00.000+08:00

Cycling is a popular and very healthy hobby. However, many people neglect to take proper precautions to ensure that the health of their feet is not negatively impacted while cycling. People often take a great of effort to selecting the appropriate bicycle. Many cyclists do not realize that the proper shoes are important cycling equipment.

Cycling shoes must provide stability and support. The shoe needs to efficiently transfer power from your feet to the pedals. A lack of support in sneakers allows the arch of the foot to collapse through while pedaling. This compromise of the arch can cause arch pain, tendon problems, or burning under the bottom of the foot.

A good, supportive athletic shoe with significant arch support will protect the feet from the stress of pedaling. Cycling-specific athletic shoes are available. Purchasing cycling-specific shoes can be somewhat expensive. If the cyclist has foot health problems or spends a significant amount of time cycling, these can be a worthwhile investment.

If a cyclist wears orthotics for an existing foot health problem, make sure the shoes worn for cycling will accommodate them. Because cycling requires a considerable amount of forefoot activity, the doctor should be consulted on the effects of the orthotics and the effects of this activity on any foot health problems. People who have bunions, corns, hammertoes, or bunionettes should always use shoes that are wide enough not to cause further friction on the foot.

Cycling-specific shoes vary for the type of cycling activity. Some cycling-specific shoes are designed for racing, while others are for mountain biking. As long as it has excellent arch support, supportive cross-training athletic shoe is all that is necessary for someone who uses cycling as a hobby. These shoes should provide the appropriate support and heel lift necessary for cycling. One popular cross-training shoe for cycling is designed for a combination of cycling and hiking.

Serious cyclists use toe clips. A clip-less system is newer than the traditional clips. A clip-less system is a shoe and cleat ensemble. Therefore, when buying this system, the cyclist needs to be aware if the shoe fitting the system will accommodate or aggravate any current foot health problems or orthotics. Not only do proper shoes for cycling help support the foot, but can positively affect the efficiency of the expended energy during cycling.

Recovery From Bunion Surgery

2008-07-04T09:39:00.000+08:00

Taking measures to ensure proper healing of the foot and prevent the recurrence of the bunion is important during the recovery from bunion surgery. Patients can take an active approach to receiving the most benefit from the surgery by following their surgeon’s orders and avoiding future use of problematic footwear.

It typically takes three to five weeks to recover from bunion surgery. The patient may experience some swelling for up to six months. During the first five weeks of recovery, a patient should do what they can to allow the foot to heal properly. Patients should be aware of complications and signs of infection.

The doctor should be notified if the bandage comes loose or gets wet. While healing, the person should avoid putting too much weight on the healing foot. The doctor may prescribe the use of a cane, crutches, or a walker after bunion surgery. Walking unassisted on the healing foot too soon after surgery can cause the muscles of the leg to tighten. The doctor will probably want the patient to keep their foot protected by a special postoperative shoe. The postoperative shoe will help cushion the foot and prevent further injury.

The foot should be kept elevated after surgery. The doctor will instruct the patient on elevating the foot and applying ice packs to help reduce swelling. There are certain activity restrictions that should be followed to allow the foot to heal. The patient should not drive during the first week after surgery.

Stiffness in the affected foot is common after surgery. The surgeon may give the patient instructions that include exercises to increase flexibility and strength of the healing foot. The surgeon or doctor is likely to recommend some physical therapy after bunion surgery. Physical therapy is usually started one to two weeks after surgery. It can help decrease stiffness, reduce swelling, decrease pain, and improve the strength of the muscles.

The doctor should be notified immediately if they experience signs of infection. The signs of infection include fever, chills, inflammation of the affected foot, increased pain, and swelling of the calf above the healing foot.

Bunion Surgery

2008-07-01T20:00:00.000+08:00

A bunion is the formation of a bony hump on the inside of the foot. Bunions can be extremely painful. It Is best to meet with a doctor to determine the best treatment for the bunion. The doctor is likely to take a family history, examine the bunion, and order x-rays so the doctor can judge the severity of the deformity. Non-invasive treatment measures are generally tried first. Many people find relief with these simple treatments.

Bunions that cause considerable pain despite a trying a less invasive alternative to bunion surgery may require surgical intervention. A bunion operation is called a bunionectomy. A bunion removal surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis.

To prepare for surgery, the doctor may do a complete physical to assess the patient’s lungs and general health. It’s important for the doctor to know all the medications the patient is taking. A special set of x-rays may be ordered to help the surgeon plan for the procedure.

An anesthesiologist evaluates the patient before the bunion operation. General anesthesia may be used. Bunion operations are commonly performed using an ankle block anesthesia. Ankle block anesthesia numbs the foot while the patient remains awake. Bunion operations typically take approximately one hour. Most people are able to leave the hospital one or two hours after bunion surgery.

More than 90% of patients do not have any complications after a bunionectomy. Infection is a possible complication. Recurrence of the bunion, nerve damage, and failure to eliminate pain are other possible bunion surgery complications. Aftercare instructions are things for the patient to do to help prevent these complications and encourage the foot to heal properly.

Recovering usually takes three to five weeks. Bunion surgery post op care is very may include physical therapy or exercises to strengthen the foot. Exercising after bunion surgery may help improve the flexibility and range of motion of the foot. Antibiotics may be prescribed to help prevent infection. The doctor may instruct the patient to elevate the foot and apply ice to help reduce swelling. The swelling may last up to six months.

The patient may have to use a cane, crutches, or a walker. The doctor may prescribe the use of a postoperative or bunion surgery shoe to help protect the foot from injury while it heals. The doctor or surgeon should be notified if the bandages come off, loosen, or get wet or if the patient develops signs of infection. Bunion stitches after surgery are removed about two weeks later.

Swelling Of The Feet During Travel

2008-06-28T05:56:00.001+08:00

Swelling of the feet is common during air travel. While sitting on a plane for hours, blood tends to pool in the feet and legs. Sitting puts pressure on the veins of the legs which inhibits their ability to effectively get all the blood back to the heart. This causes more blood than usual to remain in those veins instead of swiftly returning to the heart. Sitting for long periods of time can also cause some fluid to leave the blood and enter the surrounding tissue.

While swelling is usually harmless, it can be a sign of a blood clot in the leg (deep vein thrombosis). Normal swelling should subside after several hours of regular activity. If the swelling does not go down after normal activity has resumed, medical attention should be sought immediately to rule out a deep vein thrombosis. If legs are painful or if swelling is only occurring in one leg, the person should go to the emergency room or call emergency services immediately as these are signs that the swelling is not normal and may indicate a deep vein thrombosis.

The best way to prevent swelling and reduce the risk for deep vein thrombosis is to get up and walk around the plane every hour. IF travelling by car, stop and take frequent breaks to stretch the legs and walk. Walking causes the veins to constrict which forces the blood back to the heart.

Elevating the legs and feet can help prevent swelling. If you are unable to elevate your legs, rotating your ankles while sitting my help prevent swelling. Stretching out the calves can help. Calf stretches should be done every half hour. Avoid wearing restrictive clothing when traveling. Water should be consumed, especially during flights or in warm weather. Dehydration can be a contributing factor to deep vein thrombosis. Thus, it is also beneficial to avoid alcohol consumption.

Going Barefooted Or Wearing Flip Flops

2008-06-25T23:29:00.001+08:00

People mistakenly believe that wearing flip flops or going barefooted are healthy alternatives to wearing shoes. This could be because of all the hype about the dangers of wearing high heels. With the summer months upon us, many people opt to wear flip flops or go barefooted under the assumption that they are doing their feet a favor.

While wearing high heels can be problematic, so can going barefooted or wearing flip flops. Flip flops offer none of the necessary support that proper footwear does. This lack of support can contribute to plantar fascia or sprains. The lack of support leaves the foot susceptible to injuries involving the tendons, such as tendonitis. This is because the muscles and tendons of the foot have to compensate for the lack of support and receive none of the shock absorption that is a function of proper footwear.

Going barefooted leaves feet vulnerable to puncture wounds, scrapes, or cuts. Puncture wounds are especially problematic for the feet. A common injury during the summer months, puncture wounds can lead to infection or painful scarring. If someone does get a puncture wound, it is important for them to seek medical attention to ensure that the wound is properly cleaned and free of debris.

People are not wrong for wanting to avoid high heels or limit their use for special occasions. High heels commonly contribute to the development of foot problems. For people concerned about foot health, the best footwear is an athletic shoe with proper support.

Any shoes worn should have a toe box that is wide. A narrow toe box puts undue pressure on the toes and can lead to problems such as bunions and hammertoes. Neither the toe box nor any part of the shoe should cause friction against the foot. Friction can lead to calluses, corns, or blisters.

Rheumatoid Arthritis And The Feet

2008-06-20T23:11:00.000+08:00

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunological disease that impacts the joints of the body. The feet are not immune to damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis. With rheumatoid arthritis, the joints of the body become inflamed. Walking can become painful. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition, however people inflicted with this disease may have extended periods of time without symptoms.

Rheumatoid arthritis can be treated, but not cured. Treatment is most effective when started as close to the onset of the disease as possible. The feet are often the first part of the body affected by rheumatoid arthritis. The front of the feet becomes painful and stiff. During the course of this disease, it can cause the toes to become contracted and curl. If this happens, wearing footwear with deep, wide toe boxes is important to prevent further problems with the toes. Therefore, any joint pain in the feet should be checked by a physician.

If the joint pain is rheumatoid arthritis, the doctor may prescribe a variety of treatments. Medication is typically prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis. Exercises may be recommended. Orthotics may be prescribed to alleviate some of the pressure on the feet.

Orthotics used for rheumatoid arthritis can be insoles or toe guards to reduce friction of the toes against footwear. The doctor may prescribe special orthotic footwear designed for people inflicted with rheumatoid arthritis. Splints, braces, canes, or crutches may be suggested and prescribed by a physician. If the rheumatoid arthritis has caused significant damage and causes pain or discomfort, the doctor may administer injections of corticosteroids.

Rheumatoid arthritis can cause bunions and hammertoe. The doctor may recommend surgery to correct foot problems caused by rheumatoid arthritis. Arthrodesis is the surgical fusion of joints. The person loses the ability to bend joints that have been surgically fused. However, arthrodesis can relieve the pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis.

Non-invasive Treatments For Bunions

2008-06-19T03:08:00.000+08:00

Bunion pain is often caused by friction and pressure caused by ill-fitting footwear. People with bunions can wear regular footwear as long as they fit well and provide plenty of room across the toes of the foot. Of the toe box is usually too narrow in shoes with high heels or pointy toes.

Significant pain and inflammation can be caused by bunions. An non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) may provide some relief. Foot soaks in hot water, with or without Epsom salts, can provide some relief from pain and inflammation.

Bunion orthotics, such as bunion pads and toe spacers, can be used to alleviate the pressure on the bunion and toes that is caused by the bunions resulting misalignment of the foot. Bunion pads reduce friction against the footwear. Bunion toe spacers separate the big toe from the second toe. Bunions cause the big toe to crowd the second toe. This can cause the big toe to lie under or on top of the second toe. The spacer helps prevent the second toe from developing hammer toe or painful calluses.

The use of these bunion regulators, soft bunion splints, can be helpful. The area of the splint that covers the bunion is well-cushioned. Bunion regulators separate the big toe from the second toe, which alleviates the pressure on the second toe. The regulator stretches the toe muscles affected by the bunion. Bunion regulators can be purchased online or in drug stores.

Bunion stretch exercises are one form of non-invasive treatment. These exercises are done to stretch and strengthen the muscles of the big toes. With feet together, place a large, thick rubber band around the big toes. Keeping the heels together, gently move the front of your feet apart, creating a V-shape. Hold the stretch for about ten seconds. Relax and repeat the stretch twenty times.

If non-invasive treatment methods fail to relieve the pain and inflammation, a doctor may recommend bunion removal surgery. There are no cures for bunions. Consult a doctor when determining the best treatment methods for bunion care.

New Device Replaces Casting For Orthotics

2008-06-15T06:14:00.003+08:00

There is new technology that could replace the need for plaster casts used to create orthotic devices. A company called PAL Health Technologies, which is based in Pekin, Illinois, has developed a scanning device that collects and stores the dimensions of the patient’s foot. This new device is called Xtremityscan.

PAL Health Technologies has announced that they will be giving away an Xtremityscan unit this month at the upcoming Western Podiatric Medical Conference in Anaheim, CA. The Xtremityscan will make its debut at the conference.

The Xtremityscan creates a digital, three-dimensional model of a patient’s foot in seconds. The image can be rotated 360 degrees. The image can be displayed as wireframe, surface, and topographical views.

This scanning device has a patient database in which the scan can be stored. The Xtremityscan software can be used by a podiatrist to select the appropriate orthotic device and place an order for the necessary orthotic device through an Internet connection. PAL Health Technologies is a supplier of custom-made orthotic devices. This process speeds up the acquisition of orthotics since it eliminates the time it takes to ship the cast to PAL Health Technologies for their use to create the orthotics.

This would replace the previous method of casting the foot in plaster to obtain a model of the patient’s foot. Having an accurate model of the patient’s foot is necessary for making custom-made orthotics to correct foot problems such as misalignments. Orthotics are a common, non-invasive method of treatment for foot pain and biomechanical problems in the foot.

The Xtremityscan is available as a mobile unit on a cart. It is wireless, and therefore can be easily transported between examination rooms. The Xtremityscan units can be leased from PAL Health Technologies. PAL Health Technologies touts the Xtremityscan device as the complete digital orthotic prescription solution.

Also look at custom orthopedic shoes

Risk Factors For Plantar Fasciitis

2008-05-30T21:50:00.001+08:00

Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia. The plantar fascia is the fibrous tissue that connects the heel to the base of the toes. Plantar fasciitis can cause severe pain in the feet. Plantar fasciitis used to be called gonorrheal heel. It was mistakenly thought that plantar fasciitis was related to the sexually-transmitted disease gonorrhea.

There are certain risk factors that increase a person’s chance of developing plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis is caused by overuse. People who are overweight or have jobs that require standing or walking on hard surfaces for long periods of time are prone to developing plantar fascia. Another name for plantar fasciitis is policeman’s heel.

Plantar fasciitis is more prevalent in women due to the inadequate support in shoes that they often wear. Flat feet or very high arches are risk factors for plantar fasciitis. Wearing shoes with stiff or thin soles can cause plantar fasciitis. Shoes should have good heel support or wearing them can put you at risk for this condition.

Walking or running regularly for exercise can increase a person’s risk for plantar fascia. Walkers and joggers who have tight calf muscles prevent them from flexing their ankles normally. This makes them especially at risk. Plantar Fasciitis is sometimes referred to as jogger’s heel or tennis heel. The pain usually occurs after exercise. The worst pain is usually felt first thing on the morning.

People tend to lose some of the resiliency of their ligaments as they get older which makes elderly people more susceptible. Arthritis can make a person more prone to developing plantar fasciitis.

Even small changes in foot movement during normal daily activity can lead to plantar fasciitis. It’s relatively easy to accidentally overstretch the plantar fascia. The best way to prevent plantar fasciitis is to wear shoes that have proper support.

Hallux Rigidus

2008-05-27T15:35:00.000+08:00

Hallux rigidus impairs the mobility of the joint of the big toe. It commonly starts with stiffness and pain in the toe joint. Hallux rigidus is a progressive disorder. Someone with hallux rigidus may lose the ability to move the effected joint. This is called a “frozen joint.”

Hallux rigidus is a kind of degenerative arthritis. People with fallen arches are prone to this condition. Hallux rigidus may be caused by injury to the toes or foot or by diseases that cause inflammation of the joints, such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout. Pronation of the foot and ankle can make a person susceptible to hallux rigidus.

Hallux rigidus begins as pain and stiffness in the toe joint while walking or bending. At the onset of this condition, the person has limited range of motion, but still has some movement. This condition with limited motion of the joint is called hallux limitus. With hallux limitus, they may have pain or stiffness when the weather is cold and damp or when doing activities that exert pressure on the ball of the foot. Hallux limitus may cause swelling and inflammation around the affected joint.

As the condition progresses, the person develops hallux rigidus. Hallux rigidus causes pain and stiffness in the joint of big toe even while resting. Someone with hallux rigidus may experience problems wearing shoes, especially high heels. It may cause a limp. As the person alters the way they walk in order to reduce the pain and stiffness, they may develop muscle pain in the legs and hips.

Noninvasive treatment starts with wearing shoes that have roomy toe boxes, the area of the shoe that surrounds the toes. Shoes with pointy toes and high heels should be avoided. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may provide some relief from the pain. A physician may recommend some vitamin or mineral supplements.

Someone with hallux rigidus should consult a doctor to discuss treatment options. Corticosteroid injections may be administered to reduce pain and inflammation. Physical therapy methods may be used. If noninvasive treatment methods fail to provide relief, surgery may be necessary.

Hallux Limitus

2008-05-24T19:57:00.001+08:00

Hallux limitus is a condition that causes a decrease in the range of motion of the joint of the big toe. This condition can cause stiffness and pain. Hallux limitus can be caused by heredity or an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout. It can also be caused by overuse or an injury to the toes or foot. People with fallen arches or have jobs that require excessive squatting are more prone to hallux limitus.

Hallux limitus can be worse during cold or damp weather. It can cause pain or stiffness during activity. Hallux limitus can cause swelling around the affected joint. A doctor should be consulted at the onset of pain and stiffness while walking, bending, or squatting. Early treatment could prevent the need for surgical treatment.

Shoes that are wide and have plenty of room can help reduce the pressure exerted on the feet. Shoes with pointy toes and high heels should be avoided. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can provide some relief of the pain. . It is a progressive condition. If left untreated, hallux limitus leads to hallux rigidus. Hallux rigidus can make the joint immobile.

The physician may prescribe the use of custom-made orthotics for hallux limitus to provide extra support and increase comfort. The doctor may administer corticosteroid injections to reduce pain and inflammation. Physical therapy may be used to provide some relief. Ultrasound therapy is one form of physical therapy that might be used.

If non-surgical methods do not provide relief from hallux limitus, surgery may be recommended. When diagnosing hallux limitus, the surgeon may manipulate the foot to determine the effects of the disorder. A surgeon may order hallux limitus x-rays to judge the severity of the damage.

The surgeon will consider the age and activity of the patient when determining which surgical can include the removal any bone spurs and damage to the joint. The surgeon will realign the bones of the foot. In more severe cases, surgery may include fusing the joint or the replacement of the joint.

Puncture Wounds To The Foot

2008-05-21T10:56:00.000+08:00

As people walk barefooted in the summer months, the risk for puncture wounds to the feet increases. A puncture wound is a wound that is caused by a pointed object. Common pointed objects that can cause puncture wounds to the feet are nails, carpet tacks, pins, thumbtacks, glass, seashells, toothpicks, or needles.

When someone sustains a puncture wound, the risk of infection is the primary concern. Puncture wounds can easily become infected due to the depth of the wound. Regular cuts and scrapes are much easier to clean. Dirt can get trapped inside a puncture wound and cause infection. If part of the foreign body is trapped in the puncture wound and removal is neglected, a hard cyst could form.

It is important to make sure the wound is cleaned properly and that no part of the object remains embedded in the foot. Professional attention, such as at the doctor’s office or emergency room, is highly recommended.

As part of the treatment for the puncture wound, a tetanus shot may be necessary. Tetanus is a rare, but serious disease caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. This bacterium is commonly found in soil. Whether or not someone needs a tetanus shot is dependent on the length of time since their last tetanus vaccine or booster and the nature of the puncture wound. Lockjaw, neck stiffness, tightening of the abdominal muscles, fever, sweating, and difficulty swallowing are all symptoms of tetanus. If someone experiences any of these symptoms after sustaining a puncture wound, they should contact their doctor immediately.

If the object had deeply penetrated the tissue of the foot, it could cause other complications. A doctor can monitor the healing process and check for any tissue damage that requires medical intervention. Painful scarring is a possible complication for puncture wounds to the foot.

Bunions

2008-05-17T13:07:00.000+08:00

A bunion is a bony protrusion commonly located at the base of the big toe. A bunion alters the structure of the foot, causing a misalignment of the bones of the foot. Bunions can be extremely painful. The word “bunion” comes from the Latin word for turnip, “bunio.”

Bunions cause the big toe to point towards the other toes. Bunions affect the skeletal alignment of the front part of the foot. The condition of this altered alignment of the big toe is called hallux valgus. This misalignment of the big toe and the bones in the foot causes the bump on the along the instep of the foot.

A small bunion on the outside of the foot is called a bunionette or tailor’s bunion. This smaller type of the bunion usually happens to people who have regular bunions. Tailor’s bunions can be the result of restrictive footwear.

Bunions are most often caused by ill-fitting shoes. Bunions occur predominantly in woman due to wearing ill-fitting shoes that lack proper support. High heels are especially problematic. Bunions can be a complication of arthritis. Only 3% of the cases of bunions are caused by genetics.

Bunions cause pain, numbness, redness, inflammation, or a burning sensation. Some people don’t have any symptoms. Symptoms may worsen when wearing shoes that have narrow toes. Pain and other symptoms may progressively get worse. As the bunion gets larger, shoes will put more pressure on the toes, which in turn causes the bunion and its symptoms to get worse.

A bunion left untreated usually gets larger as the bones become increasingly misaligned. The tendons of the foot contribute to forcing the big toe into an abnormal position. The bunion may eventually cause the big toe to lie under or over the second toe. The second toe may develop hammer toe. Hammer toe is when the toe is constricted and the middle joint of the toe points upwards.

Diagnosing a bunion is easy since it is a noticeable bump along the inside of the foot. A doctor may order foot x-rays to determine the severity of the deformity. After the doctor has determined the severity of the condition, the doctor can suggest treatment options.
People with bunions should work with their doctor to determine the best course of treatment to prevent this progressive disorder from getting worse.

Understanding The Plantar Fascia And Plantar Fasciitis

2008-05-13T13:46:00.000+08:00

The plantar fascia is the ligament on the bottom of the foot that connects the heel with the base of the toes. The plantar fascia is also called plantar aponeurosis or aponeurosis plantaris. It is a strong layer of thick, white, fibrous, connective tissue. Moving away from the heel, it divides into five strands which correspond with each toe.

The plantar fascia stabilizes the arch of the foot. The plantar fascia stretches whenever the foot hits the ground. It is also involved during the part of the step when the heel rises from the ground.

With every step, the plantar fascia is under pressure. If this ligament becomes inflamed due to injury or overuse, the person may develop plantar fasciitis. Repetitive trauma, such as one might experience while playing sports or running, causes tiny tears in the plantar fascia. Plantar fasciitis is the most common ailment affecting the plantar fascia.

A plantar fascia rupture is more severe than plantar fasciitis. With a plantar fascia rupture, the whole ligament is torn, as opposed to the tiny tears that cause plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis ruptures are much less common than plantar fasciitis.

Plantar fascia ruptures can occur in athletic injury. Marathon runners and sprinters are susceptible to plantar fascia ruptures. A rupture causes intense pain at the time of the injury. The doctor may prescribe the use of a cast to allow the ruptured plantar fascia to heel. A plantar fascia rupture can be a complication of receiving corticosteroid injections to treat plantar fasciitis.

The plantar fascia can be put under excess pressure if the person is overweight or has sudden weight gain. Traumatic injury to the foot can cause problems for the plantar fascia, including infection. Streptococci are the most likely suspect in plantar fascia infections.

Having diabetes or arthritis can cause problems for the plantar fascia. Diabetics sometimes experience a thickening of the plantar fascia. Diabetics are also more susceptible to infections of the foot. Having arthritis in the foot increases the risk of developing plantar fasciitis.

With plantar fasciitis, a heel spur may develop at the site of the injury to the plantar fascia. A heel spur is a small piece of bone. The pain of plantar fasciitis used to be blamed on heel spurs. Heel spurs are a symptom of plantar fasciitis, not the cause. The presence of heel spurs does not always cause additional pain.

Using supportive shoes is the best way to prevent problems with the plantar fascia. Shoes should fit comfortably and provide support and cushioning to the arch, ball, and heel of the feet. Athletic shoes should be replaced regularly, because they lose their ability to cushion and support the feet over time with use.

Proper Foot Care

2008-05-08T15:28:00.001+08:00

Proper foot care can prevent some foot health problems. Here are some tips to follow to help ensure that your feet remain healthy.

1. Wash your feet daily with soap and water. If dirt is left on the skin of the feet for too long, it can cause irritation and inflammation.
2. Cut toe nails straight across. Do not cut toe nails too short, especially along the sides of the nails. Cutting nails improperly can lead to ingrown toe nails.
3. If dry skin is a concern, apply foot cream to the feet after washing them.
4. Periodically remove hardened skin with a pumice stone or foot file. People often find this easiest to do immediately after washing the feet.
5. Only wear shoes that fit properly. Shoes that are too small or too narrow can cause foot problems like corns and blisters. Shop for shoes in the afternoon since feet tend to swell during the day. New shoes should be bought so that they fit both feet comfortably in the afternoon or evening.
6. Change socks at least daily.
7. Wear sandals or flip-flops in public showers and locker rooms.
8. Do not wear pointy-toed shoes or high heels for extended periods of time.
9. Do not attempt to cut off corns or bunions yourself. Seek medical attention to treat these foot problems. Cutting your feet can make them prone to infection.
10. Treat foot problems promptly to prevent the condition from worsening or causing permanent damage.
11. Never share socks or shoes with other people.
12. Wear shoes that are conducive to foot health. They should be supportive and have a wide toe box.

Taking care of your feet daily can help prevent painful conditions from developing. Changes in your feet should be reported to your doctor. Certain conditions, such as fallen arches and bunions, can develop in adulthood and require a physician’s care. Children should be taught basic foot hygiene to encourage continuing foot health.

Infections From Pedicures

2008-05-01T11:40:00.000+08:00

As sandal-weather approaches, people are more likely to visit a nail salon for a pedicure to prepare for summer footwear. Without proper precautions, salons can spread fungal and bacterial infections from client to client. The infections can spread from tools that were not sanitized or tubs that were not cleaned properly. Infections can also occur if the person sustains a cut during the pedicure.

When visiting a salon, a person should check for signs of unsanitary conditions. The foot tubs or whirlpools should look clean. There should not be any sign of nail clippings or sandings left around the salon. The salon should never use razors during pedicures. The use of razors during a pedicure is banned due to the increased risk of injury and infection.

The most likely source of the spread of an infection is contaminated instruments. The instruments used in pedicures must be sanitized after every use. If someone neglects to do this, fungal and bacterial infections are easily spread. Some clients opt to bring in their own instruments in order to minimize the risk of infection.

The symptoms of fungal infection are soreness and redness of the skin around the nail. Fungal infections of the nail lead to thickened, discolored nails. Bacterial infections can cause soreness, redness, and pus to form. Infections can occur under the nail or to the skin surrounding the nail.

Paronychias are infections to the skin that surrounds or hangs over the nail. If left untreated it can cause a severe infection affecting the entire toe. Paronychias are usually bacterial infections but they can be fungal.

To treat nail infections, the doctor may prescribe an oral antibiotic depending on the severity and type of infection. If an abscess, or pocket of pus, has formed, the doctor will drain the abscess using a scalpel. The doctor may recommend foot soaks as part of the treatment.

Plantar Fasciitis Surgery

2008-04-29T21:28:00.000+08:00

If plantar fasciitis fails to improve after six months of using nonsurgical treatment methods, the doctor may recommend surgery. Plantar fasciotomy is a surgical intervention for plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciotomy is also called plantar fascia release surgery.

Plantar fasciotomy can be performed as open surgery or as an endoscopic procedure. The open surgery involves making a large incision. With the endoscopic procedure, two tiny incisions are made. One incision is for the camera that the doctor uses to view the plantar fascia. The other incision is for surgical instruments.

Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy (EPF) can be completed in a shorter time than open surgery. The surgery only takes about fifteen minutes. The endoscopic procedure has a faster recovery time and lower risk of complications. There is less postoperative pain associated with the endoscopic plantar fasciotomy. Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy has a success rate of up to ninety-five percent.

During a plantar fasciotomy, the plantar fascia is cut to relieve the tension or pressure associated with plantar fasciitis. Either a part of the plantar fascia that connects to the heel is removed or incisions are made on the sides of the plantar fascia.

Any heel spurs that have developed are often removed during a plantar fasciotomy. Heels spurs are small pieces of bone that have formed at the site of the injured plantar fascia. Doctors previously thought that the heel pain was caused by heel spurs. Now it is known that heel spurs are a symptom of plantar fasciitis. Seventy percent of people with plantar fasciitis also develop heel spurs.

A plantar fasciotomy can cause a fallen arch in the foot. This causes other foot problems. Another complication is a deep, thickened scar. The scar can be treated by deep tissue massage and physical therapy. Possible complications are numbness and infection. Numbness could be due to nerve damage sustained during the surgery. Patients should contact their doctor if they experience signs of infection such as fever, chills, or redness near the incision.

A compression bandage worn after surgery helps control swelling. The surgeon may prescribe the use of a postoperative shoe or short leg brace to protect the healing foot. The surgeon may recommend the application of ice packs. Patients can usually resume normal activities within six weeks. The patient should refrain from running or jumping for at least three months after surgery. People receiving the endoscopic fasciotomy recovery faster and can often walk without pain on the same day as the surgery.

Burns To The Foot

2008-04-23T15:04:00.000+08:00

Burns can be caused by hot water, chemicals, electricity, radiation, friction, or exposure to a heat such as an oven or fire. If the burn was caused by chemicals or electricity, emergency medical services should be called immediately. A burn can cause redness, blistering, and severe damage to skin and deep tissue. Burns to the feet can be serious and require special care.

The first step to first aid for burns is determining the severity of the burn. Burns are classified as either first, second, or third degree burns. First degree burns are mild burns. They cause redness, swelling, and pain. A first degree burn only affects the outer layer of skin.

First degree burns can be treated at home. Run cool water over a first degree burn for five minutes. After the burned area is cooled with water, pat dry and cover with a sterile bandage. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be taken to treat pain.

Second degree burns affect more layers of skin than just the outer layer. Second degree burns cause pain, redness, swelling, and blistering. If the burn was caused by dropped boiling water, remove the wet shoes and socks.

Third degree burns cause the skin to turn black or white. Because of damage to nerves, it is likely to cause numbness. Third degree burns affect the tissue below the skin. Third degree burns require immediate medical attention. If a third degree burn is suspected, burned clothing should not be removed.

If the toes are burned, separate them with a sterile dressing such as sterile gauze pads. Never apply butter, ice, or oil spray to a burn. A burn to the foot can cause challenges to healing as a shoe is not likely to be able to be worn. Care needs to be taken to prevent friction against the burn.

A burn to the foot should be treated as a major burn. Major burns require immediate medical attention. The burned area can be covered with a sterile dressing while medical attention is sought. If possible, keep the burned area elevated above the level of the heart. The doctor will give instructions for care of the burn.

Bunionette - Tailor's Bunion

2008-04-19T21:34:00.000+08:00

A bunionette is a small bunion occurring on the outside of the foot. They are also called tailor’s bunions, often misspelled as taylor’s bunion. Regular bunions affect the big toe, while a bunionette is a bunion on the pinky toes. A bunionette is a visible bump along the outside of the foot at the base of the little toe.

During the development of a bunionette, the little toe is being pushed over towards the other toes. Over time, this causes the joint at the base of the little toe to protrude. Without treatment, bunions and bunionettes get worse. A painful callous, foot corn, or other abnormality may form at the site of the bunionette.

Tailor’s bunions often happen to people who have regular bunions. These smaller bunions are a result of footwear that doesn’t fit properly. A rare cause of bunionettes is a genetic predisposition towards bunions. A doctor will rule out other causes for the pain and swelling, such as arthritis or joint infection.

Another cause, as the pseudonym “tailor’s bunion” implies, could be related to occupational or habitual pressure on the outside of the foot. The name comes from the fact that tailor’s were prone to these small, external bunions due to the position they kept their feet in while working.

Though it is a possible cause, bunionettes are almost always caused by footwear. Ballet dancers are prone to bunionettes due to the tight ballet shoes.
Bunionettes can be painful, especially when irritated by friction from footwear. A non-surgical treatment option for a bunionette involves buying shoes that allow more room for the toes.

Someone with tailor’s bunions may choose to go barefoot or wear sandals to stop this irritation. A shoe repair shop may be able to stretch shoes that are uncomfortable. In some cases, wearing footwear that doesn’t put pressure on the foot is the only treatment needed.

Using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) may help relieve any pain or discomfort. Elevating the foot and applying ice to the affected area can give some relief. Any bunions occurring in children require medical attention.

Using bunionette pads can help alleviate the pain. A bunionette pad cushions the affected area and stops friction from footwear. Bunionette pads are available at most drug stores. Moleskin or felt patches can be used to stop the bunionette from rubbing against the shoes.

Tailor’s bunion surgery is an option if the bunionette is problematic. Bunion foot surgery should only be considered if the non-surgical bunion treatments fail to provide relief. The surgeon will order tailor’s bunion x ray to check the degree of damage to the foot. The surgeon will consider this and other factors to decide which bunion removal procedures will be the most effective.

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Foot Problems During Pregnancy

2008-04-15T09:52:00.000+08:00

Pregnancy causes many changes to a woman’s body. The feet are not exempt from these changes. The weight change during pregnancy and possible retention of fluids can cause problems or changes in her feet.

The pressure from added weight can cause the feet to expand slightly. Many pregnant women find the need to buy shoes in a larger size. Gradually after delivery, a woman’s feet may return to their normal, pre-pregnancy size. It is important for a pregnant woman to buy larger shoes if her feet become larger. Continuing to use her shoes that have become too tight can lead to foot problems, such as bunions, corns, and blisters. Some woman’s feet do not return to their pre-pregnancy size after pregnancy.

The added weight can also put excess pressure on the arch of the foot. Over-pronation, or flatfoot, can occur. This can cause the woman’s feet to roll inward as she walks. The plantar fascia may experience inflammation or extreme stress from the over-pronation. The plantar fascia is the fibrous tissue that runs from the heel to the forefoot.

The over-pronation can cause strain on the foot. It can affect not only the feet, but cause pain in the calves and back as well. Over-pronation can often be treated conservatively with over-the-counter orthotics. Orthotics that provide arch support should help alleviate mild pain due to over-pronation.

Shoes worn during pregnancy should provide extra support. Footwear that provides shock absorption is ideal. Athletic shoes with supportive soles are a good choice during pregnancy. All shoes worn should fit properly for the current condition and size of the feet.

Edema, or swelling in the feet, is common during pregnancy. A pregnant woman should contact her physician or obstetrician if she experiences swelling of the feet or ankles to make sure it is not a symptom of a potentially serious condition such as preeclampsia. Elevating the feet can help reduce edema. If the pregnant woman has to sit for extended periods of time, she should take frequent breaks and walk for a few minutes.

Taming Foot Odor

2008-04-11T12:24:00.000+08:00

Foot odor is caused by excessive perspiration. There are more than a quarter of a million sweat glands in the foot. There are things that can be done to help eliminate foot odor. Feet should be washed daily with antibacterial soap and water. Feet should be thoroughly dried after being washed.

Deodorizing foot powders may be applied to help control the foot odor. Antiperspirants that are used under the arms can also help cut down on the sweating that causes foot odor. Make sure to use antiperspirants, not deodorant. Soaking the feet in a mixture of water and vinegar or Epsom salts can help reduce foot odor. This soak can be done daily if necessary.

Clean socks should be worn every day. Socks that are made from natural materials such as cotton are less likely to cause foot odor, because the natural fiber allows air to reach the feet. Socks made of synthetic material can trap moisture and contribute to foot odor. If foot odor is a persistent problem, changing socks more frequently could be helpful.

Shoes should be allowed to air out thoroughly before wearing them again. Alternating shoes can be helpful. Shoes that are worn without socks may become contaminated by the foot odor. Athletic shoes should not be worn without socks. It may be helpful to sprinkle cornstarch into shoes to absorb some of the moisturizer.

Check feet for infected sores. People with diabetes may not feel the injury. Infected sores can cause odor and can become a serious health problem. People with diabetes should check their feet daily for sores and cuts.

Pungent foods and spices can cause more odor in perspiration. Garlic, onion, peppers, scallions, and curry should be avoided or used in moderation if foot odor is a troublesome problem. Stress can cause the body to perspire more than usual. Relaxation techniques can help reduce the effects of stress.

Blisters

2008-04-08T11:37:00.000+08:00

Blisters are pockets of fluid in the upper layers of the skin. Blisters on the feet are commonly caused by friction with footwear. People who do a lot of walking, hiking, or participate in sports should take care to choose shoes that do not rub against the skin. Shoes with rigid backs like high heels can cause blisters on the back of the foot.

Most blisters can be successfully treated without medical care. The blister should be left intact and not opened. A blister should be left uncovered unless it will rub against a shoe. In those cases, it can be protected from further damage by applying a loose bandage. Do not apply tape directly to the blister. The shoes that caused the injury should be avoided. Minimize activity that could cause irritation to the blister.

Most blisters will drain and heal on their own. You may choose to drain large blisters that are over an inch wide. This should be done with care as blisters can become easily infected. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before handling the blister. Sterilize a needle with rubbing alcohol. Prick the side of the blister with the needle. Gently press the liquid in the blister towards the hole. After drained, wash the blister with soap and water and pat dry.

The flap of skin should be left to protect the blistered area. The skin covering the blister should not be removed unless dirt or pus becomes trapped in it. If you drain the blister or the skin tears, apply an antibiotic ointment to the blister and apply a loose bandage. The bandage should be changed daily.

Seek medical attention if the blister becomes infected. Symptoms of infection include redness, increased pain, warmth at area of the blister, pus, fever, or swollen lymph nodes.

Ingrown Toenails And Its Specifics

2008-04-03T13:20:00.000+08:00

Ingrown toenails are also known scientifically as “unguis incarnates”. In the medical world, it is commonly referred to as, “onychocryptosis”.
Ingrown toenails are actually a type of disease occurring within the nails. This is very painful and oftentimes unbearable since it involves the actual nails themselves. The nail grows uncontrollably into the nail bed and ends up cutting through the skin and then hurting the nail’s fleshy area during the entire process. This condition happens on both the hands and feet, particularly on every fingernail area. However, it often occurs within toenails.

If ingrown toenails are left untreated, the circumstances may become severe. From a simple type of inflammation, it can become a fatal infection, which can eventually lead to ulceration and then into an abscess which would ultimately need surgery for it to be completely removed.

There are actually several factors which can cause this nail disease. Some of them are as follows:

- wearing tightly-fitted and enclosed footwear
- rounded trimming of nails especially on corners
- fungal infection
- nail or finger injury
- nail biting
- trauma experienced by the toe nail
- diseases causing nail deformity
- hereditary factors

It is easy to spot symptoms of ingrown toenails. The signs and symptoms are very obvious and really painful. At its earliest stage, an ingrown toenail will exhibit some form of redness combined with lengthened pain and just a mild swelling within the affected area. It does not necessarily follow that you will most likely observe pus coming out from it. However, as the condition progresses, an infection can develop when it remains untreated. The swelling will become severe until a colored drainage can be observed forming from the area. In severe cases, ingrown toenails can also cause fever.

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Clawfoot (Pes Cavus)

2008-03-27T19:28:00.000+08:00

Some people’s feet have unusually high arches. It is the opposite of flat feet. This condition can be called clawfoot, pes cavus, or talipes cavus. Clawfoot is much less common than flat feet. A foot with an abnormally high arch often causes the ankle to have an outward tilt. The length of the foot tends to be shortened.

The high arched foot may cause clawed toes. Clawed toes are bent and cannot be straightened. Clawed toes can be painful. If the foot is raised off the ground, the forefoot of a high arched foot lies lower than the heel. The cause of high arched feet may be hereditary or caused by a neurological or neuromuscular problem.

People with high arches do not usually experience pain or other problems associated with this condition. The high arches and clawed toes can make finding well-fitting shoes problematic. Some people with high arches find it necessary to buy orthopedic or custom-made shoes.

Clawfoot may cause corns and calluses on the clawed toes. Pain in the arch due to additional pressure is a possible symptom especially while walking, standing, or running. Feet with high arches tend to be less flexible than normal feet. It can cause the calf muscle to be tighter than usual.

Clawfoot is a potentially disabling condition. The high arched foot may be treated with orthotics that provide support to the arch and alleviate some of the pressure. The doctor may prescribe steroids or anti-inflammatory medications. Padding or taping may be used to help control symptoms.

Pain due to the compression of the metatarsals can be persistent. If this condition is painful, surgical intervention may be recommended by a physician. High arched feet are prone to developing plantar fasciitis and heel spurs. Clawfoot makes the person more susceptible to developing arthritis and bone fractures.

Heel Spurs

2008-03-20T13:13:00.000+08:00

Heel spurs are a painful condition that develops when the bone of the heel has abnormal growth. If the plantar fascia pulls away from the heel bone, calcium deposits can form at the site of the injury. The plantar fascia is the band of fibrous tissue that runs from the heel to the front of the foot. The calcium deposits form a bony, hook-like protrusion of the heel bone.

Heel spurs are most commonly caused by over-pronation, flatfoot. It can also be caused by abnormally high arches, a condition called pes cavus. Women are more susceptible to developing heel spurs due to problem footwear. A medical history of plantar fasciitis increases a person’s risk for developing heel spurs. About seventy percent of the people with plantar fasciitis develop heel spurs. However, about fifty percent of the cases of heel spurs happen to people with no history of plantar fasciitis.

Diagnosis of heel spurs can be made with the use of an x-ray. The proper treatment begins with determining the cause of the overstretching of the plantar fascia. If it is caused by over-pronation, the physician may prescribe the use of orthotics to support the arch of the foot. Heel cradles and heel cups may be worn to provide extra cushioning for the heel.

Rest is recommended to allow the inflammation to resolve itself. Rest alleviates most of the pain associated with heel spurs. The doctor may suggest losing weight, regular exercise, and stretching. The physician may recommend the use of shoes that provide ample cushioning for the heel. During acute attacks of heel spurs, applying ice packs can help. Never apply ice or ice packs directly to the skin.

Over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be used for pain relief. The doctor may prescribe the use of night splints. Night splints are used to stretch the plantar fascia and heel during the night. With proper treatment, the pain from bone spurs usually subsides within three months.

Purchasing Shoes For Toddlers

2008-03-16T16:09:00.000+08:00

It is recommended that infants be allowed to be barefoot or wear only socks on their feet. Infant shoes are unnecessary until the child begins to walk. Selecting proper footwear for toddlers who have begun to walk is important, because they supply support, protection, and aid in balance.

When shopping for shoes for a toddler, have them wear socks that would be typically worn with the shoes. Socks made from a natural fiber, such as cotton, are the healthiest choice. A salesperson at the shoe store can measure the toddler’s foot and help find the best fit. If the store does not have salespersons that provide that assistance, take special care that the shoes fit properly.

Some stores have carpet mats that provide outlines of feet at the varying sizes. A toddler or child can stand on the different outlines to find which one matches their foot size. On the mat, the corresponding size is indicated for each outline.

Try the appropriate size shoe on the toddler. Both shoes should be tried on since it is not uncommon for one foot to be slightly larger than the other. The back of the shoe should fit snuggly against the heel, but not so tight as to cause irritation or friction. There should be plenty of room between the largest toe and the front of the shoe. The space between the largest toe and the front of the shoe should be about half an inch.

Shoes should provide support, but be somewhat flexible. Toddlers who are just beginning to walk need the most flexible soles. Leather or rubber soles are recommended.

Periodically check the toddler’s shoes for proper fit. If shoes become too tight, do not delay in replacing them with larger ones. Toddler’s feet grow rapidly. They may need new shoes as frequently as every two to three months.

Gout

2008-03-14T10:11:00.000+08:00

Gout is caused by the buildup of uric acid in the joints. It causes the development of hyperuricemia which is the elevation of the level of uric acid in the blood. Hyperuricemia develops when the body produces more uric acid than can be filtered out by the kidneys. A diet high in rich foods, such as red meat and cream sauces, can contribute to the development of this condition. The first joint of the big toe and the ankles are the joints that are most commonly affected by gout.

Gout affects approximately 2.1 million people in the United States. It is more prevalent among in men who are forty to fifty years old. Women are more likely to be affected after menopause. There may be a genetic component to the risk of gout. Diabetes, sickle cell anemia, obesity, regular alcohol consumption, and kidney disease can increase the risk of developing gout. Aspirin, L-dopa, and other medications can interfere with the kidney’s ability to filter uric acid from the blood.

The individual with gout may experience pain and swelling in the effected joint. Gout can cause inflammation, redness, and stiffness in or around the joint. Usually, only one joint is affected at a time.

A physician may insert a needle into the joint and draw some synovial fluid to check for signs of uric acid buildup. The fluid is examined for the presence of microscopic uric acid crystals. If a blood test is used to check for elevated uric acid levels, the results may be misleading during an attack. During an attack of gout, the uric acid centralizes in the joint. Therefore, the blood levels during an attack may be normal.

Without treatment, the joints are at risk for permanent damage. The doctor may prescribe the use of over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Medication specifically for gout may be prescribed. Drinking plenty of water and limiting the consumption of alcohol and rich foods may help prevent gout.

Morton's Neuroma - Morton's Neuralgia

2008-03-11T11:11:00.000+08:00

Neuroma is the thickening or growth of nerve tissues that can develop in various parts of your body. Morton’s neuroma is the most common neuroma that occurs in your foot. This usually takes place in the third interspace, which is at the base and in between your third and fourth toes. It is also referred to as Intermetatarsal neuroma. Intermetatarsal, means the ball of your foot that is between the metatarsal bones. These are the length of your bones from toes to the midfoot.

Make no mistake because this kind of neuroma may also occur in other parts of your foot. It can also occur in the second and third interspace of your toes. Other known names are Morton’s metatarsalgia, Morton’s neuralgia, and plantar neuroma.

You can get Morton’s neuroma by often wearing tight fitting shoes, especially on the toe box part, or wearing high-heeled shoes that cause your toes to be pushed more in your shoes’ toe box. If you have common foot deformities such as bunions, hammertoes, or if you are flat-footed, you are also at a higher risk to develop a neuroma. Other causes of this swelling of the nerve are sports and activities that involve repetitive and excessive pressure to the ball of your foot, like jogging and playing racquet sports. But Morton’s neuroma can also develop for unknown reasons. You may have moved your foot abnormally and you can already get Morton’s neuroma if it’s that bad.

You will know it is Morton’s neuroma when it causes a sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot, or if you feel that something is inside it, with accompanied stinging and burning, or even numbness of your toes. There will be no sign of lumps in your foot. These symptoms begin gradually, but you will feel the pain for several days or even weeks if this gets worse overtime.

You can treat the early stages of Morton’s neuroma even without a surgery, depending on the case of the swelling of the nerve. You can change the kind of shoes you are wearing by choosing wide toe boxes and by avoiding narrow-toed shoes. Avoid high heels as well. You should also modify your activities that may be causing stress to your foot. For moderate cases, you can do padding techniques, which can lessen the pressure on the neuroma and thereby decreasing compression of the nerve whenever you walk. Placing an icepack is also a quick and easy remedy that will decrease the swelling of the affected area. Anti-inflammatory drugs like Ibuprofen can also quickly lessen the pain, and more importantly, the inflammation of the nerve in your foot.

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What Are Orhotics?

2008-03-05T10:53:00.000+08:00

Orthotics, or orthopedic devices, are medical devices designed to alter, protect, or correct abnormalities of the foot. Orthotics are a noninvasive treatment method for a variety of foot ailments. Orthotics can be used to correct foot misalignments. The root of the word is “ortho” which means “to straighten.”

Orthotics can either be purchased over the counter or be custom-made by a physician. A physician is likely to use a cast of the foot to create the orthotic device. The orthotics are made to specifically treat the disorder. The creation of the orthotics may involve the use of computer technology and orthotic laboratory technicians.

Orthotics are categorized as being either accommodative or functional. Accommodative orthotics are usually comprised of a soft, cushioning material. They are used to provide comfort and alleviate mild foot pain. Accommodative orthotics are used to correct minor foot ailments. They also include splints, night bars, and gait plates. Night bars are used to correct the position of children’s feet while they sleep.

Functional orthotics are placed in the shoe and worn to correct abnormal foot biomechanics. Functional orthotics can help prevent or be used to treat flatfoot. They can be used to reduce impact. They can be used to prevent overuse injuries.

There are signs that someone can benefit from the use of orthotics. Uneven wear on shoes can indicate that the feet could have a misalignment issue. Bunions, flatfeet or falling arches, or foot pain may be treated with orthotics. Gait abnormalities can often be corrected with orthotic devices. The use of orthotics can help alleviate pain in the shin, lower back, knee, or hip. Orthotics may be one part of the treatment for some diseases, such as spina bifida, cerebral palsy, or stroke. Orthotics can be used to keep a foot deformity from developing additional problems.

Metatarsalgia The Pain In The Forefoot Bones

2008-02-27T20:52:00.000+08:00

It is unlikely that you realize how big a deal the ball of your foot really is. It is a major player in most of physical activities that we undergo daily. Running, walking, leaping and even sitting down involves the balls of your feet. But when pain starts to be felt everytime you put pressure on your feet, if there is a great deal of stress felt when you land from a leap or a continuous strain when you run, you might have to think about whether or not you have metatarsalgia.

Metatarsalgia simply means “achy metatarsal” and the condition is simply a sore bone or bones in the forefoot. Pain and inflammation in the balls of your feet are the usual symptoms of metatarsalgia. This condition is frequent among athletes and those who do high-contact sports. Activities like basketball, gymnastics and many other sports put high pressure on the feet and, without proper care and rest, inflammation and pain may occur leading to the said disorder.

Excessive running and jumping can stress the metatarsal, which is the name for the long bones found in the front part of your feet just a little bit below your toes.

Although metatarsalgia is not highly risky and has little or no long-term drastic effect, it can definitely hamper you. If you are in a physical career and your mobility and use of your feet are vital to your work, metatarsalgia may pose a major problem. This disorder is highlighted by sharp pain that continuously gets worse after prolonged periods of activity. This is followed by numbness or tingling in the toes that eventually worsens even when you rest and relax your feet.

The immediate remedy for this disorder is rest. Prevent pressure from being applied to your feet. Soaking the feet in ice and cold water may help soothe the pressure and eventually dampen the pain. Wearing proper footwear and shock-absorbent shoes also helps prevent the progression of metatarsalgia. Since this is more a strain than a disease, metatarsalgia is very simple to avoid and treat. More often than not, this disorder is simply a byproduct of bad maintenance and improper foot care. Learn to be responsible in taking care of your feet. Like a well-oiled and maintained care, your feet can go a long way without any further complications.

Exercise and a balanced diet are important to athletes and to you as well, but take time to consider the little things like the balls of your feet, and take that much deserved vacation to relax when needed.

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Gangrene

2008-02-21T22:39:00.000+08:00

Gangrene refers to the death and decay of tissue. It is caused by an interruption of blood flow to the effected part of the body. Gangrene can also be the result of bacterial infection or frostbite. It most commonly affects the toes, fingers, and limbs. It most commonly affects the elderly.

Certain diseases increase a person’s risk of developing gangrene. People with diabetes or atherosclerosis are in particular danger of developing gangrene. For people with diabetes, their feet are susceptible to infection and gangrene because their ability to sense a foot injury is impaired. If they get a cut or sore on their feet and it is left untreated, gangrene may develop.
Gangrene causes the effected skin to turn blue or black. It causes a foul odor and severe pain or numbness. If the infection causes the gangrene spreads throughout the body, it can cause septic shock.

Gangrene will progress if left untreated. The physician will need to surgically remove the dead tissue. In some cases, amputation is necessary. Antibiotics are administered intravenously to fight the infection if there is one present. If gangrene is treated quickly, the prognosis is good.

There are things that people can do to prevent gangrene. To prevent gangrene from frostbite, people should wear warm clothing, including thick socks, when they must be exposed to cold. After returning indoors from cold-weather conditions, people should check their feet for any areas that have become pale, hard, cold, and numb. They should call their doctor immediately if they have those symptoms.

People with diabetes should check their feet daily. Anyone with a wound to their foot should wash their feet with soap and water at least daily to prevent infection unless a doctor says otherwise. Wounds should be kept clean and dry throughout the day. If the wound becomes infected, seek medical attention in order to avoid further problems such as gangrene.

Understanding Sever's Disease - Calcaneal Apophysitis

2008-02-15T07:04:00.000+08:00

Also known as calcaneal apophysitis, sever’s disease is a condition that affects your adolescent children usually between the age of nine and 14. This occurs when the growth plate of your kid’s heel is injured. As you may know, your foot is the first part of your body to grow into full size. During early puberty, bones grow faster than tendons and muscles, thus causing the tendons and muscles to tighten. At this time, the heel then becomes less flexible. When your child starts a new sport, or engages in a rather vigorous activity than before, the tight tendons may put too much pressure at the back of the heel or the calcaneus, thus injuring the heel.

You will be able to know it is sever’s disease that your child has when he complains about pain and tenderness in the heel. Pain can occur in one or both heels. You may see him limping when he walks or has discomfort upon waking up. The pain will increase when you let him stand on a tiptoe. You can also do a squeeze test by squeezing both sides of the very back of your child’s heel. Of course this will hurt as well because your child’s tendons have become tight.

To treat sever’s disease, you must stop your child from doing any activity that will bring heel pains so as not to aggravate the situation. You may apply ice to the injured heels for faster remedy. Your child must never go barefoot and you should elevate the heel part to relieve tension. It will also be very helpful that your child do stretching exercises of the hamstrings and calf muscles that will help relax the Archilles tendon. You may give him non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines for severe heel pains. For special cases, your doctor may recommend arch supports and heel cups if your child is flat-footed and has a high arc or bowed legs. For extreme cases, your child could be put in a cast.

Sever’s disease will go away eventually when the growing of the bone is already complete at around the age 13. There are no reports of any long-term disability with Sever’s disease. When treated, the disease will subside in two to eight weeks, and your child can continue to play sports again in time. This can also be prevented by having stretching exercises early on before any vigorous activity to maintain good flexibility of your child’s body. You can get him good-quality shoes in the market with shock absorbent soles and other footwear that are firm enough for more support in any activity he decides to do.

Read more on Sever's Disease - Calcaneal Apophysitis

Athlete's Foot

2008-02-11T08:50:00.000+08:00

Athlete’s foot is a fungal infection of the skin on the foot. Dermatophytes are the mold-like fungus that causes athlete’s foot. Other names for athlete’s foot are tinea pedis, dermatophytosis and ringworm of the foot. The fungus causes the basal layer of the skin to produce excess skin cells. This fungal infection is similar to other fungal infections that affect other parts of the body, such as ringworm and jock itch.

Athlete’s foot is most common in men between teenage and middle age. Athlete’s foot normally occurs between the toes. The fungal infection can spread to the toenails, sides, and soles of the feet. It can be easily transmitted in public showers, swimming pools, and locker rooms.

Symptoms of athlete’s foot include itching, stinging, burning, cracking skin, peeling, itchy blisters, and excessive dryness of the skin of the foot. If the athlete’s foot infects the toenails, it can cause them to become discolored, crumbly, ragged, and thick. It can also cause the toenails to separate from the nail bed.

There are over-the-counter cures for athlete’s foot that are usually effective in treating the condition. The over-the-counter treatments are anti-fungal medications in the form of sprays, ointment, lotions, and powders. A doctor may prescribe other treatments such as an oral antibiotic or vinegar soaks.

To prevent athlete’s foot, keep feet dry, especially between the toes. Socks made of natural materials, such as cotton, allow air to reach the feet and prevent moisture from building up between the toes. Socks should be changed at least daily. Wear some sort of protection, like sandals, in public showers and locker rooms. Never borrow shoes or socks from someone else. Shoes should allow some ventilation. Rubber and vinyl shoes are not the best choices. Treat the feet with an over-the-counter antifungal treatment at the first sign of infection.

Brachymetatarsia

2008-02-03T09:20:00.000+08:00

Brachymetatarsia is a genetic condition characterized by an abnormally short metatarsal. The toe with the short metatarsal will be shorter than normal. If more than one toe is affected, the condition is called brachymetapody.

This condition is caused by the premature closing of the growth plate of the metatarsal. This premature end in growth results in the short metatarsal. There is no medical, noninvasive intervention that can cause the natural growth of the bone.

Brachymetatarsia can cause several problems. The effected person may experience difficulty with the weight distribution of the toes. Since the abnormally short toe cannot support its usual amount of weight, the other toes are forced to compensate. This can cause pain in the toes that are compensating and bearing the extra weight. Brachymetatarsia can interfere with the natural walking gait.

Treatment for most cases of brachymetatarsia is noninvasive, conservative care. Padding and orthotics can help alleviate pressure on the toes. If the condition is problematic or if noninvasive methods don’t help, surgical intervention may be recommended by a physician. Surgery to correct brachymetatarsia means lengthening the short metatarsal.

The surgeon may cut the bone and add a bone graft to lengthen the metatarsal. Tendons and skin around the short toe have to be modified to allow for the new length. In some cases, a bone graft is not possible due to a severe difference in length of the short toe versus the unaffected toes. Instead of lengthening the extremely short metatarsal, the surgeon may reduce the length of the other toes. This helps equal out the pressure on the toes.

A new treatment for brachymetatarsia involves the use of an external device attached to the effected metatarsal by surgical pins. This device is used to encourage the lengthening of the short metatarsal by adjustment at appropriate intervals.

Frostbite

2008-01-29T14:03:00.000+08:00

Frostbite is the freezing of tissue. The toes are susceptible to frostbite in times of cold weather. Skin that has sustained frostbite is cold, hard, and waxy. The area may be numb or experience aching pain. Severe cases of frostbite can cause blisters, gangrene, or damage to tissue deeper than the skin such as tendons and muscles.

If frostbite occurs, it must be handled with care to prevent further tissue damage. If frostbite is suspected, the person should enter a warm environment and remove all wet clothing. Parts that appear to be damaged should be immersed in warm water. The water should not be hot. If there are blisters present, they should be left undisturbed.

The person should dress in clean, dry clothing and seek immediate medical attention. If the feet are affected, the person should try to avoid putting much weight on that foot. The person can apply warm compresses until medical attention is obtained. Heating pads should not be used. Movement of the affected area should be limited.

The person should not rub the affected area. There is a old wives tale that suggests the application of snow to frostbite. This is potentially dangerous and can result in further damage. Any areas that have been affected by frostbite should be protected from refreezing while medical attention is sought. The area should be kept covered with warm blankets. Further exposure to cold should be limited as much as possible.

The person should not smoke or consume alcohol while recovering from frostbite. Smoking and alcohol consumption restrict circulation. Good circulation is extremely important for healing from frostbite to occur.

To prevent frostbite, exposure to cold and snow should be limited. If clothing becomes wet while the person is outdoors in winter, they should change into dry clothing immediately. If someone must be outdoors in winter conditions, they should wear many layers of clothing including two socks on each foot.

What Is Flat Feet (Pes Planus)? Fallen Arches - Flat Foot

2008-01-21T15:29:00.000+08:00

Flat feet is a foot condition in which the arch is leveled with the foot’s entire sole. About 20% of the total population are hit with this condition. In some cases, it may only be either the right or the left foot which did not develop an arch. But it is also possible that both feet can be struck with this condition. Another term for flat feet is “fallen arches”. However, flat feet do not cause a person to decrease walking or running speed.

Flat feet actually occurs normally among children specifically during infancy. But it is expected that as they grow older, they will also begin to develop a foot arch. The reason behind flat feet among infants is that their inherent baby fat masks the arch for the time being. Also, that arch is still not fully developed during that time. That arch found on the foot area gets developed as humans use their feet for mobile purposes. Thus, the muscle and bone structure get developed and eventually form the arch. By a child’s sixth year, the arch is expected to become fully developed and obvious.

Since flat feet is normal and children would not be able to diagnose any abnormal development, it is highly advised that parents take note of this development with their children. Aside from inspecting it visually, parents should also take note of the way their child walks. Abnormal development resulting to permanent flat feet can be seen through walking through the feet’s edges. A child who tends to limp during long walks may be experiencing progressive pain from walking. They can describe the pain similar to that of being pricked by needles beneath their feet’s surface. Other pain complaints within the foot area can also be a symptom of flat feet. For children, it is still easy to treat such disorder since their bone and muscle structure is still flexible enough to shape along as they continue to age and develop.

Flat feet can also be acquired during adulthood. Even if you have developed an arch, external factors may cause you to adopt flat feet upon adulthood. The following reasons are considered as risk factors:

1. Injury
2. Disease
3. Excessive stress placed on either foot
4. Abnormal biomechanics
5. Pregnancy

If flat feet is acquired during adulthood, it remains so permanently. However, there is another kind of flat foot which can happen for adults and even adolescents. If the person who has flat feet can still have an arch when they dorsiflex, they have a case which is also known as flexible flat foot. Standing on tip toes and arching the toes while the rest of the foot remains laying flat on the floor are examples of dorsiflex action. But this does not guarantee that a permanent arch can be developed unless the foot continues to grow. Although muscle training can help develop and make things better for a flat footed person, this cannot increase the arch development because the human foot contains short sized muscles.

A flat feet expert is called a podiatrist. In diagnosing a person who is suspected to have flat feet, the “wet foot test” is used. In this, the patient is asked to wet his or his feet through the use of water and then the patient would need to stand next on a paper or even a cemented surface. The results would be based on the impressions left on the area. If there are no dry areas observed, this means that the patient positively has flat feet.

Treatments used for flat feet are usually for maintenance purposes and to help people walk properly. Unless they become too painful, they don’t need any medical care. Insoles are a popular choice of treatment or help for those who wanted to walk normally. This method helps by cupping the heels and creating an artificial arch. But sometimes, it may become uncomfortable for the wearer.

The Diabetic Foot

2008-01-14T09:31:00.000+08:00

Diabetes affects the body in many ways. The feet are not exempt from the damaging effects of diabetes. With proper care, many foot problems can be avoided. Any foot problems that arise should receive medical attention.

Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage due to diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy limits the individual’s ability to feel cold, pain, or heat in the extremities. A sore or cut on the foot may be neglected since the person may not feel the injury.

Diabetes causes poor circulation. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a disease that impacts the circulation to the extremities. It is commonly caused by diabetes. The decrease in circulation reduces the body’s ability to heal from sores and cuts to the extremities, such as the feet.

Peripheral vascular disease can be worsened by smoking since smoking constricts blood vessels.
Sores and cuts on the feet of someone with diabetes can become easily infected. This is because the person may not even feel the cut or sore. The injury is likely to get worse without any treatment. Once it becomes infected, the extra glucose encourages the infection. The poor circulation limits the ability for the injury to heal.

If the infection persists, gangrene can develop. Gangrene causes the death of the tissue around the cut or sore. The area may become black and emit a foul odor. Amputation may be necessary to prevent its spread.

Someone with diabetes should carefully check their feet every day. They should also be checked by the nurse or doctor at every doctor appointment. Prompt medical treatment of any sores or cuts can prevent severe problems from developing.

People with diabetes should wash their feet in warm water every day. Since diabetic neuropathy impairs the feet’s ability to detect heat, the temperature should be carefully checked before use. People with diabetes should not soak their feet unless otherwise directed to do so by a physician. Lotion can be applied to dry skin on the feet, but not between the toes.

Sesamoiditis

2008-01-11T09:36:00.000+08:00

Sesamoiditis is a form of tendonitis. Sesamoids are small bones that are not connected at a joint to other bones. Instead, a sesamoid acts with a tendon. It provides a surface for the tendon and acts like a pulley. There are two sesamoids located in the foot. The sesamoids are located near the underside of the big toe. They support the bones of the big toe, help absorb impact, and help with weight-bearing pressure.

Sesamoiditis occurs when the tendon and tissue around the sesamoid becomes inflamed and irritated. Activities that repeatedly place excessive pressure on the ball of the foot can lead to sesamoiditis. Athletes, especially baseball catchers and ballet dancers, are at risk for this condition. Sesamoiditis may cause pain or swelling. Pain may gradually worsen. The pain is usually felt under the big toe and in the ball of the foot.

The doctor will examine and manipulate the foot to determine the origin of the pain. The doctor is likely to question the patient about the onset of the symptoms. Pain from sesamoiditis has a gradual onset. If the sesamoid was fractured or broken, the pain was likely to occur immediately after the injury. An x-ray or bone scan is often used to determine if the sesamoid is broken or fractured. The doctor may tape the big toe in the position of being bent slightly bent downward. Shoes worn during recovery should be soft-soled with a low heel. Shoe pads may be recommended by the physician.

The doctor may suggest resting and applying ice packs to the foot. Pain relievers, such as over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be recommended. If swelling is problematic, the doctor may administer a local steroid injection. If these treatments do not alleviate the symptoms, the doctor may prescribe the use of a leg brace or below-the-knee walking cast.

Heel Fracture

2008-01-09T07:30:00.000+08:00

It takes a tremendous amount of force to fracture a heel bone. Such force is not commonly sustained. An automobile accident or a fall from considerable height are possible causes. If such force has been exerted on the heel, it is likely to coincide with back injury as well.

Symptoms of a heel fracture are pain, swelling, and an inability to bear any weight on the injured foot. The pain could be felt on the outside of the ankle or on the bottom of the heel. A doctor will use x-rays to diagnose the condition. A computed tomography (CT) scan may also be used. The doctor will check for nerve damage as well.

The doctor will determine if the injury will respond best to surgical or nonsurgical treatment methods. Nonsurgical treatment includes elevating the foot and the periodic application of ice packs. A bulky dressing will be applied to eliminate the risk of the bone shifting. A splint may be used to restrict movement and support the injured foot.

If the bone has shifted due to the injury, surgery may be required. A metal plate and screws may be used to stabilize the bone. In order to promote healing, a bone graft may be used. After surgery, the foot will be bandaged and splinted.

With nonsurgical treatment, the heel fracture should heal in six to eight weeks. Recovery from surgical treatment often requires at least ten weeks. It may take up to a year for the heel fracture to heal completely. Even after the heel fracture is healed, the person may continue to experience foot problems. This is due to the extreme force to which the foot was subjected. Orthopedics or a cane may need to be used to treat the foot problems or reduce the amount of pressure exerted on the heel while walking and standing.

Wants To Help People With Foot Health Problems

2008-01-07T11:29:00.000+08:00

Hi and welcome to Foot Care Advice blog, here you will find a lot of brief, informative articles to talk about topics related to our feet.

The aim of this blog is to help members of the public to understand their feet better. However the information on this blog should never be regarded as medical advice.

Readers with foot problems are strongly encouraged to visit their GP if not the podiatrist for further medical assessment and treatment.

Thank you for visiting us, hope you have a pleasant stay.

Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction

2008-01-05T08:27:00.001+08:00

Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is a condition that results from the tearing or overstretching of the posterior tibial tendon. This tendon runs from the calf to the arch of the foot. When functioning correctly, the posterior tibial tendon holds up the arch of the foot and supports the foot while the person is walking.

This condition mostly affects women over fifty years of age. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases are risk factors for developing posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Previous local steroid injections and previous surgery or injury increase a person’s risk for this condition. Athletes are at risk for tearing the posterior tibial tendon.

Injury to the posterior tibial tendon can cause pain and swelling of the ankle. It can lead to the gradual loss of the arch of the foot, eventually leading to the person becoming flatfooted. The person with a compromised posterior tibial tendon may experience difficulty standing on their toes. Besides pain in the ankle, the individual may experience pain in the middle of the foot, especially during activity.

If left untreated, this disorder can lead to arthritis and an increase pain. There are a number of treatment options. An x-ray, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be ordered to help the doctor diagnose the condition. After an examination, the doctor can recommend the best treatment based on how far the condition has progressed.

Noninvasive treatment can involve rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and possibly a cast or splint to protect the tendon from overuse. Various surgical methods are used to treat posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. A tendon transfer consists of the surgical transplantation of some fibers from one tendon to repair the damaged posterior tibial tendon. Lateral column lengthening is a recreation of the arch of the foot. A tenosynovectomy is a procedure that includes the removal of the inflamed tissue in the area of the damaged tendon.

Clubfoot

2007-12-31T06:41:00.000+08:00

Clubfoot is a congenital birth defect that affects the alignment of the foot. Newborns with clubfoot have feet that point down and inwards. If the condition is severe, the infant’s feet are rigidly stuck in the misaligned position. Clubfoot is more prevalent among males and those with a family history of the disorder. It may be a symptom of another disorder such as spina bifida. Clubfoot is not the result of behavior or nutrition of the mother during pregnancy.

The physiological cause of the deformity is that some of the tendons of the foot are too short. This restricts the range of movement and keeps the foot in an unnatural position. Milder foot problems that are common in newborns are often misidentified as clubfoot. The treatment for clubfoot is called the Ponseti method. This treatment begins soon after birth.

The Ponseti method involves repeatedly putting casts on the feet the force the stretching of the tendons and realignment of the feet. The casts are changed every week. Each time the feet are put into casts, it brings the foot into more natural alignment. After the series of casts, the child will need to wear braces during the night, usually until the child is two years old. The Ponseti method is sufficient to correct clubfoot in about half of the cases.

If the Ponseti method fails to correct the condition, surgical intervention may be required. Surgical correction of clubfoot involves the release or loosening of the Achilles tendon. This allows the foot to assume its natural position. If left untreated, clubfoot will cause the child to develop an abnormal gait. Someone with uncorrected clubfoot will walk on the outsides of their feet. This can adversely affect the joints and cause other foot problems including skin problems on the surface of the foot on which the person walks.

Choosing Shoes For Foot Health

2007-12-28T13:13:00.000+08:00

Foot health should be a major factor to consider when purchasing shoes. Here are a few tips to selecting shoes that will not jeopardize foot health.

Try on shoes before you buy. It is best to go shopping for shoes in the late afternoon or evening. This is because feet naturally expand throughout the day. When first waking in the morning, the feet had been relaxed during the night. The pressure exerted on the feet while walking will slightly expand the feet. Shoes should be bought to fit at the time of day when feet are at their largest.

Choose shoes with wide toe boxes. Shoes that are too narrow should be avoided. Even if the shoes fit, if they cause pressure on the toes or any other part of the foot, it can cause problems. When trying shoes on, pay attention to any friction caused by the shoe.

If heels are desired, choose a moderate to low heel. High heels can cause a variety of problems including hammertoes, corns, tight heel cords, and metatarsalagia. High-heeled shoes can also worsen bunions and bunionettes.

Shoes should provide proper support. Flimsy soles do not provide the support needed. Sandals often lack even minimal support. If sandals are to be used for any significant length of time, look for sandals that provide some cushioning and substantial soles.

The back of the shoe should not be overly stiff. It should yield to the movement of the foot. Hard backs to heels and other shoes can irritate the back of the foot. Friction from stiff shoe backs can lead to the development of Haglund’s deformity, otherwise known as “pump bump.” Haglund’s deformity is the formation of a bony lump on the back of the foot accompanied by irritation and pain.

Everyone buying shoes should try on both shoes. Taking the shortcut of only trying on one of the shoes can cause problems since it is common for one foot to be slightly larger than the other. Sometimes people buy shoes that are too tight thinking that they will be “broken in.” This practice should be avoided. With a little care and common sense, shoes can be supportive of good foot health.

The Dangers Of High Heels

2007-12-23T09:15:00.001+08:00

Wearing high-heeled shoes too often can compromise the health of your feet. Almost all high heels have narrow toe boxes. A toe box is the front portion of the shoe. Couple the narrow toe box with the added pressure caused by the elevation of the heel and it sets the conditions that can cause a number of foot problems.

Forcing the toes into a narrow toe box can cause misalignment of the toes. High heels can lead to the development of hammertoes. Hammertoes are an unnatural bending of the toe joints. After repeated pressure from unhealthy footware, such as high heels, the joints of the toes can become deformed by remaining rigidly bent. The bending of the first joint of a hammertoe can cause the toe to rub against the shoe. This can be painful and can cause corns.

Corns are small calluses that are caused by pressure and friction. If the toes rub against the shoe, as is common with high heels, the skin on the toe becomes hard and thick in the area that is experiencing the pressure. Wearing high heels can worsen bunions or bunionettes. A bunion is a bony bump along the side of the big toe that can be made worse by wearing tight-fitting shoes. A bunionette is a small bunion that forms on the smallest toe.

Toenails are often under pressure during the time that high heels are worn. This pressure can cause nail problems such as nail fungus and ingrown toenails. Wearing high heels frequently can interfere with the natural state of the Achilles tendon. High heels prevent the heel of the foot from coming in contact with the ground. Therefore, the Achilles tendon is not stretched while walking. The Achilles tendon can become tightened and shortened.

Excessive use of high heels can cause stress fractures in the foot. Stress fractures are tiny cracks in the bone caused by pressure and strain on the bone. Metatarsalgia is a condition of pain in the foot. High heels cause extreme pressure on the ball of the foot. This pressure can lead to strain and pain in the ball of the foot.

Haglund’s deformity, also called “pump bump,” is a small, bony irritation that occurs on the back of the foot due to pressure from straps and the rigid backs of high heels. This causes redness, irritation, and pain in the area of the pump bump. Neuromas can also be called by wearing tight-fitting shoes. Neuromas are growths of the nerves of the foot. Neuromas cause sharp pain or numbness in the ball of the foot and the toes.

Intractable Plantar Keretosis (IPK)

2007-12-20T08:32:00.000+08:00

An intractable plantar keretosis, or IPK, is a think, deep callus on the bottom of the foot. It is a painful condition caused by the misalignment of a metatarsal bone. The misaligned metatarsal increases pressure in the bottom of the foot. The misaligned metatarsal is referred to as a dropped metatarsal. When someone with a misaligned metatarsal takes a step, the misaligned bone comes in contact with the ground first. This creates tremendous pressure which causes extreme pain.

The least invasive treatment option for an IPK is for a doctor to trim it and pad it. The padding helps support the dropped metatarsal. Orthotics and metatarsal bars may be used to support the dropped metatarsal and alleviate the pressure it causes. A metatarsal bar is padding that fits into the shoe. It is used to reduce the pressure on the ball of the foot. Taping or strapping the foot may be used for pain relief.

Removal of the intractable plantar keretosis may be necessary or medically preferred. A doctor may use chemical or laser treatment to remove the IPK. Cantharone is the chemical used to remove an IPK. It is a painless procedure. However, the chemical causes the IPK to blister, so the area may be tender or painful for several days after treatment. The only post care instructions for chemical removal of a IPK is to keep the blister covered with a band aid. The laser treatment is also relatively painless. The doctor administers an injection of a local anesthetic, which is perhaps the most painful part of the procedure.

If the pain is persistent or if the IPK is caused by a bone deformity, surgery may be necessary. A doctor will be able to discuss the various treatment options and help the individual decide on the best treatment plan.

Raynaud's Phenomenon

2007-12-17T09:34:00.000+08:00

Raynaud’s phenomenon is a condition that compromises the circulatory system’s ability to supply blood to the toes. This condition can affect the small blood vessels in the fingers, ears, lips, and nose. Raynaud’s phenomenon causes the toes and other effected body parts to be oversensitive to exposure to cold temperatures. It is also called Raynaud’s disease.

Often, the first symptom that emerges is skin discoloration after cold exposure. The skin may appear white, red, or bluish purple due to the abnormal constriction of the blood vessels. Skin turns white is the arteries in the effected body part have collapsed. Blue or purple discoloration Is caused by the body parts lack of oxygenated blood. The body part may also feel cold or numb. The body part may turn red as the blood flow is restored after an attack of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Some people with Raynaud’s disease experience all three discolorations at different phases of the disorder.

Attacks of Raynaud’s phenomenon can be triggered by cold temperatures or emotional stress. Raynaud’s can occur alone or can be caused by another disease. When Raynaud’s disease has an onset that is not due to another disease, it is called primary Raynaud’s. The cause for primary Raynaud’s is unknown. Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and athosclerosis are examples of diseases that can cause Raynaud’s phenomenon. When Raynaud’s phenomenon develops as the result of a disease or other causes, such as excessive use of vibrating power tools, having frostbite, or smoking, it is called secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon.

A nailfold capillaroscopy is the diagnostic test doctors use to diagnose Raynaud’s phenomenon. This test allows doctors to microscopically examine the capillaries. Only secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon yields a positive test result.

When people with Raynaud’s phenomenon experience an attack, they should immediately warm their toes and other effected body parts with warm water. It is preferable for people with Raynaud’s disease to stay indoors in times of cold weather. If they must go outside in the cold, wearing several layers of warm clothing is strongly recommended. Stress-triggered attacks may be avoided or their occurrence lessened by avoiding stressful situations and using relaxation exercises or biofeedback. The doctor may prescribe medication to help prevent attacks.

Corns

2007-12-12T07:51:00.000+08:00

Corns are circular, cone-shaped areas of toughened skin on the feet usually due to repeated pressure and friction from ill-fitting footware. Corns commonly occur on the tops of the toes. Unlike a callus, a corn has a central, thickened area. A callus is a more diverse thickening of the skin. A corn can form under a callus or be surrounded by one.

Someone may be at an increased risk for corns if they have another foot problem such as hammertoes. A deforming condition such as hammertoes can cause the skin on the top of the effected toe to rub against shoes. If a corn forms, a doctor should be consulted to check for possible underlying causes, such as bone spurs.

To prevent corns, shoes should be selected for optimal foot health. Shoes should have a wide toe box. Narrow toe boxes as are common in shoes with pointed toes can cause undue pressure on the surfaces of the feet, especially the toes. Heels should be low or moderate in height. High heels place more pressure on the toes and the ball of the foot. Shoes should have adequate support and cushioning.

There are several treatment options for corns. Over-the-counter treatment options for corns include corn pads, foot baths, pumice stones, lotions, and callus removers. If a corn becomes painful, medical treatment is suggested. A doctor can recommend the best treatment for the corn. If the corn is removed but the underlying cause of the corn is not corrected, the condition may recur. Severe cases may require surgery.

Corns that are left untreated or are improperly cared for may get infected. If someone with a corn continues to wear ill-fitting shoes, the constant pressure will not allow the corn to heal. If a person tries to remove the corn by cutting it, the area becomes prone to infection. When dealing with corns, it is best to seek medical advice.

Home Remedies For Cracked Heels

2007-12-07T11:26:00.000+08:00

Cracked heels are called by excessively dry skin. It can be worsened by the presence of thick calluses on the heels. Though cracked heels are often merely a cosmetic problem, deep cracks can cause pain and bleeding. Cracked heels are sometimes referred to as heel fissures.

Cracked heels can make standing and walking painful. This condition is caused by excessive pressure on the bottom of the heel without proper support. Working a job that requires a lot of standing, wearing open-backed shoes or sandals, and some medical conditions such as diabetes or eczema can make the individual prone to cracked heels. Being overweight can also be a contributing factor.

The heels that have become cracked should be kept well moisturized. One common home remedy is to apply an ample amount of petroleum jelly to the feet and covering them with socks before going to bed. Over-the-counter moisturizers may also be used instead of petroleum jelly. Some over-the-counter moisturizers are specially marketed as remedies for cracked heels. Beauty supply stores often carry a variety of creams and moisturizers for the treatment of cracked heels. Lanolin is a common home remedy for severely dry skin, including cracked heels. Lanolin is sold as nipple cream for nursing mothers.

For a natural home remedy, mash a piece of papaya and apply to the cracked heel. Papaya contains a plant enzyme that promotes healing. I received a moisturizing tip from my dermatologist. He suggests applying regular shortening to the skin after showering. This acts as a barrier to trap moisture in the skin.

If calluses are a contributing factor for the cracked heels as they often are, the moisturizing treatments will be most effective if the calluses are also treated. A home remedy suggests soaking the feet in a basin of warm water with three tablespoons of baking soda before rubbing the callus with a pumice stone.

Accessory Navicular Syndrome

2007-12-06T07:32:00.000+08:00

Accessory navicular syndrome is a painful condition caused by the presence of a small extra bone or piece of cartilage on the inside of the foot. The extra bone is commonly located just above the arch of the foot. The extra bone is called an accessory navicular. An accessory navicular is a congenital defect. This extra bone does not ossify until about age nine. For about half of those born with an accessory navicular, the extra bone will fuse with the normal navicular bone of the foot.

About ten percent of the population has an accessory navicular. For most people with the extra bone, it never poses any problems. Therefore, they may never even know they have an extra bone. Some people with this extra bone develop accessory navicular syndrome.

This condition causes pain and may cause redness and swelling. The development of accessory navicular syndrome occurs when the bone or tendon becomes aggravated. This can happen due to an injury, overuse, or irritation from footwear.

To diagnose this condition, the physician will manipulate the foot and feel for the extra bone. An x-ray will show the presence of an accessory navicular. The doctor may suggest the use of anti-inflammatory pain relievers. Applying ice to the area may help reduce swelling. The doctor may use of a cast or walking boot to immobilize the area in order to allow it to heal without further aggravation. Physical therapy may be used to strengthen the muscles. If non-invasive methods fail to provide relief, the extra bone may be surgically removed.

Children with flat feet are at risk for accessory navicular syndrome. After non-surgical treatment, the doctor is likely to prescribe the use of orthotics to support the arch and help prevent future occurrences of accessory navicular syndrome. Though adolescence is usually the time when accessory navicular syndrome develops, it can occur in childhood and adulthood.

Hammertoe

2007-12-04T09:28:00.001+08:00

A bending of one or both joints of one or more toes is commonly called hammertoe. It does not affect the big toe. This abnormal bending of the small toes can cause difficulty with footwear. This condition can cause pain when shoes are worn. It can also cause calluses or corns to build up on the effected toes. If the condition has caused the bones to become dislocated, it can cause persistent pain.

If left untreated, hammertoes can become rigid and therefore be resistant to non-invasive treatment. The underlying cause of hammertoe is an imbalance of the muscles and tendons. Ill-fitting shoes can further aggravate the condition.

Hammertoes can arise from a congenital defect. This condition can also occur after an injury, such as a broken toe. Sometimes, wearing proper footwear is enough to provide relief from pain. Shoes should have wide, deep toe boxes. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help alleviate pain.

If corns or calluses have developed, they can be trimmed by a physician. Over-the-counter corn pads may provide temporary relief by protecting the corn from being irritated from footwear.

The doctor may prescribe the use of orthotic devices, splints, or straps. Orthotics may be used to try to correct the imbalance of the muscles and tendons. Splints or straps may be used to realign the effected toe.

If the hammertoe does not respond to non-invasive methods of treatments, surgery may be necessary One surgical method is called arthroplasty. This surgery involves removing a small portion of bone.

Arthrodesis is a surgical treatment for severe cases of hammertoe. During arthrodesis, the joint of the toe is fused in a straight position. A surgical pin may be used to hold the bones of the toe in position as it heals. The muscles and tendons could also be adjusted during a surgical procedure for hammertoe.

Toenail Fungus

2007-12-03T08:55:00.000+08:00

Nail fungus can develop and flourish under toenails since the growth of the fungus is encouraged by warm, damp places such as shower floors and sweaty shoes. The infection may begin as a white or yellow spot under the toenail. As the fungus spreads, the nail may become completely yellowed, thick, and brittle. The fungus may cause an odor. Eventually, effected nails can separate from the nail bed.

Nail fungus is usually caused by a class of fungi called dermatophytes. It can also be caused by types of yeast and mold. Fingernails can also develop fungus. Toenails are more susceptible, not only because they can be in contact with damp surfaces such as shower floors, but also because the circulation is poorer in toes than in fingers. The lack of circulation interferes with the body’s immune system ability to fight the infection.

Older adults are at greater risk for nail fungus due to the poor circulation of the feet. Diabetes or a compromised immune system increases a person’s risk. Heavily perspiring or working in moist environments can put someone at greater risk. Repeated exposure to common sources of the fungi, such as swimming pools and public showers, increases the individual’s risk.

The doctor may prescribe an oral antifungal medication to treat the nail fungus. These medications prevent the fungus from infecting new nails growth. As the new, infection-free nails grow, the old infected nail can be periodically trimmed until the nail has been replaced by healthy nails.

An antifungal nail polish may be prescribed for cases that are not severe. This antifungal lacquer is not very effective in most cases. Topical medications may be prescribed instead, however they are not often effective on their own. Their use may be prescribed in for use in combination of oral antifungal medication. The doctor may determine that the nail needs to be removed.

Achilles Tendonitis

2007-12-01T07:28:00.000+08:00

Achilles tendonitis is a common injury to the Achilles tendon which is located along the back of the foot. The Achilles tendon is directly above the back of the heel. Those with Achilles tendonitis experience pain or tenderness in the tendon.

Achilles tendonitis is caused by overuse of the tendon. It is exasperated by an increase in repetitive activity. This type of sudden increase in activity puts too much strain on the tendon. If Achilles tendonitis is left untreated, Achilles tendonosis can develop. In Achilles tendonosis, the constitution of the tendon has been altered by microscopic tears in the tendon.

Athletes are at greater risk for developing Achilles tendonitis due to repetitive stress on the tendon. People whose careers involve repetitive pressure on their ankles and feet are also at an increased risk. People with flat feet or fallen arches are at risk for Achilles tendonitis since the Achilles tendon is at greater demand while they walk.

A doctor can diagnose Achilles tendonitis by manipulating the foot and judging the range of motion. Typical treatment for this condition involve pain relief and preventing further stress on the tendon while it heals. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help with pain relief. It can also minimize the inflammation associated with the early stages of the condition.

The doctor may suggest the use of ice packs. Applying ice packs can help reduce swelling and inflammation after the injury occurs. The doctor may prescribe the use of a walking boot, cast, or other supportive measure to immobilize the area of the injured tendon. Rest and immobilization promotes healing of Achilles tendonitis.

Physical therapy may be recommended to improve the strength of the Achilles tendon and safely increase range of motion. In severe cases, surgery to repair the Achilles tendon may be necessary. After treatment, the doctor or physical therapist may instruct the patient to conduct daily stretching and strengthening exercises.

Stress Fractures Of The Feet

2007-11-29T09:07:00.000+08:00

Feet are constantly under pressure during normal daily activity. This pressure is intensified during vigorous exercise. Repeated exercise, such as running everyday, can cause a condition known as a stress fracture.

A stress fracture is a small break in the bone caused by overuse. During exercise, the muscles usually act as shock absorbers which limit the jarring to the bones. As an individual exercises, the muscles become tired and less able to absorb the shock of the impact the exercise causes. As the muscles tire, more of the pressure of impact affects the bones. Over time, this can lead to a stress fracture of the foot, ankle, or fibula, a bone in the lower leg.

With the amount of pressure exerted during exercise, it is no surprise that stress fractures most commonly affect the bones of the foot. Stress fractures can occur in the metatarsals of the foot or the heel. Stress fractures of the foot can cause pain, swelling, and sometimes bruising.

Applying ice or a cold pack to the affected area can help reduce swelling and help prevent further bruising. Apply ice packs for up to ten minutes, then keep the ice pack off the injury for ten minutes before reapplying. Do not leave the ice pack on for an extended period of time. The use of cold packs can be replaced by the application of heat after a day or two. Over-the-counter pain relievers can be used to minimize the discomfort.

Stress fractures are further treated by reducing weight-bearing activities. Most stress fractures heal in two to four weeks. However, some stress fractures can take six to eight weeks to heal. The doctor may specify the use of a brace or special protective footwear during this time. An x-ray or bone scan may be used to check if the bone is fractured or completely broken. The doctor may prescribe the use of crutches to reduce the pressure exerted on the injured foot.

Morton's Neuroma Treatment

2007-11-25T11:45:00.000+08:00

Morton’s neuromas are caused by a thickening or irritation of the nerves of the foot. Morton’s neuromas often develop as the result of compression. They cause pain, burning, or tingling sensations of the third and fourth toes. This pain can be aggravated by wearing shoes that are too narrow, such as those with pointed toes.

Morton’s neuromas become progressively more painful. There are several treatment options. If left untreated, Morton’s neuromas can lead to permanent nerve damage. Therefore, it is important to see a physician and discuss the treatment options that are recommended.

One treatment option is to use padding or orthotic devices. Since Morton’s neuromas are caused by compression, the use of these non-invasive techniques is for the purpose of relieving sources of compression. Padding can be used to support the metatarsal arch which acts to alleviate the pressure on the nerve while walking. Orthotic devices work the same way, however they are often custom-made to provide the best arch support possible.

Any shoes worn by someone with a neuroma should have a wide toe. Using over-the-counter pain relievers, such as anti-inflammatory pain relievers (NSAIDs) can provide relief from the pain associated with Morton’s neuromas. The doctor may suggest that forms of exercise be restricted. Applying ice packs during flare ups can help reduce swelling if that has become a problem.

If non-invasive methods fail to provide relief, the doctor may subscribe a more drastic course of treatment. The doctor may first suggest a series of injections of a mixture of corticosteroids and anesthetics. If this therapy fails to provide relief, surgery may be recommended.

Surgery for Morton’s neuromas involves the removal of the neuroma. Since it removes the neuroma, it effectively treats the pain. However, the surgery often causes permanent loss of sensation to the treated area of the foot.

Morton's Neuroma Diagnosis

2007-11-17T06:18:00.000+08:00

Morton’s neuromas are a source of pain or discomfort for those affected by them. A neuroma is caused by the compression of inflammation of the nerves. Morton’s neuromas are a thickening of the nerves of the third and fourth toes.

The Morton’s neuroma can cause pain, burning, and tingling in the foot. It may cause a sensation that there is a pebble inside the ball of the foot. The pain becomes progressively worse over time. A Morton’s neuroma can lead to permanent nerve damage if left untreated.

The pain from a Morton’s neuroma often becomes worse while walking, exercising, or wearing shoes. Because Morton’s neuromas are caused by compression to the nerves, they more commonly affect women. This is due to ill-fitting women’s shoes and high heels. Shoes that are too narrow or have pointed toes exert too much pressure on the foot. Morton’s neuromas are only one of several foot disorders that can be attributed to such footwear.

A Morton’s neuroma must be diagnosed by a physician. A doctor will take a thorough history of the onset of the symptoms. An x-ray may be taken to rule out the presence of a fracture. An x-ray can also rule out arthritis by using it to judge bone density.

A podiatrist may be able to feel the neuroma by squeezing and pushing on the affected area. The podiatrist may look for Mulder’s sign. Mulder’s sign is the occurrence of a clicking noise when the foot is squeezed with one hand while pressure is exerted on the affected area by the podiatrist’s other hand.

An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan might be used to check to make sure the compression of the nerve is not caused by a tumor. The MRI can be used to judge the lsize of the neuroma and its progression. This helps the doctor determine the best course of treatment.

Neuromas Of The Foot

2007-11-15T06:22:00.000+08:00

Neuromas are non-cancerous growths that can inflict pain by affecting the nerves of the foot. These benign growths can wrap around a nerve of the foot. They are caused by a compression or irritation or the nerve.Neuromas most commonly affect the nerves between the base of the third and fourth toes of one foot. The neuromas in this location are called Morton’s neuromas. It is sometimes called an intermetatarsal neuroma.

An achy feeling in the toes may be the first sign of a neuroma. This ache is sometimes followed by tingling or burning sensations in the toes. The pain is often exasperated by wearing shoes that are too narrow. In addition to the achiness of the toes, the individual may feel as though there is a pebble in the ball of the foot. The discomfort can be temporarily relieved by massaging the foot.

The discomfort and pain worsens over time. If left untreated, a neuroma can cause permanent nerve damage. A neuroma must be diagnosed by a physician. Because they don’t affect the bone, x-rays are useless as a diagnostic tool for neuromas other than to rule out bone damage as the cause of the pain. Therefore, the doctor relies on a description of the symptoms experienced by the individual.

The doctor may treat the neuroma by injecting the affected site with a mixture of corticosteroids and an anesthetic. The injection plus the use of orthopedic footwear may alleviate the symptoms. The injections are often repeated two or three times over the following month or two to provide relief.

If the corticosteroid injections fail to provide relief from the pain, surgery may be necessary. Surgical intervention consists of the removal the neuroma. This provides permanent relief from the pain, however it can result in permanent numbness to the affected area of the foot.

Plantar Warts During Pregnancy

2007-11-13T06:31:00.000+08:00

Pregnancy causes many changes to a woman’s body. Pregnancy does not make women more susceptible to plantar warts. However, women should take certain precautions during pregnancy regarding plantar warts.

Over-the-counter treatments for plantar warts should not be used during pregnancy. If a pregnant woman develops a plantar wart during pregnancy, she should consult her doctor for treatment options.

The duct tape home remedy for plantar warts could be used during pregnancy without the over-the-counter treatments. The pregnant woman could cover the affected area with a small piece of duct tape. Leave the duct tape in place for six days. Then, soak the foot and rub the plantar wart with a pumice stone. Remember to wash hands thoroughly after handling the affected area as to not cause the plantar wart to spread.

A pregnant woman may need help with this treatment method. If it is uncomfortable to reach the sole of the foot, it is better for her to get assistance from someone rather than risk straining muscles to do the treatment alone.

Health during pregnancy is very important. While pregnant, a woman is often focused on her diet. It’s important to remember that a pregnant woman’s overall health should not be neglected. Proper diet, rest, and low-impact exercise are great, but a pregnant woman should not ignore her general health.

Feet experience extra pressure during pregnancy. If possible, a pregnant woman should check the soles of her feet just like anyone else. Plantar warts can begin from small cuts on the soles of the feet when they are exposed to the human papillomavirus (HPV). Therefore, a pregnant woman should take special care of her feet.

Proper hygiene can help prevent exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV). People should avoid going barefoot in public showers. Public showers, such as in gyms, are high risk for contamination of human papillomavirus (HPV). People should use clean socks and towels. Avoid sharing socks with others.

Plantar Wart Treatment

2007-11-12T08:23:00.000+08:00

Plantar wart treatment is the removal of the plantar wart. There are several options for getting rid of plantar warts. Some plantar wart treatments are administered by a doctor. There are home treatments for plantar warts as well.

A common removal method is cryotherapy. This is the freezing of the plantar wart. A doctor applies liquid nitrogen either by spraying or with a cotton-tipped applicator. The liquid nitrogen causes the affected area to blister. This causes the wart tissue to die. The treated wart will fall off usually within a week. This is usually effective, but may require subsequent visits for repeat treatments. Cryotherapy can be painful.

Cantharidin is an extract from the blister beetle. A doctor applies cantharidin to the plantar wart and covers it with tape. Similar to cryotherapy, the cantharidin causes the treated area to blister. A week later, the doctor clips off the plantar wart. A doctor in the United States is not likely to use this method since cantharidin is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

If plantar warts are resistant to treatment, the doctor may suggest more aggressive treatment methods. There are two surgery methods that might be used to remove plantar warts. One method is laser surgery. The other surgical method is the use of an electric needle.
The doctor may choose to use the power of the individual’s immune system to get rid of the plantar wart. Immunotherapy involves using medication to strengthen the person’s immune systems response the plantar wart. The doctor might inject the plantar wart with interferon. Another immunotherapy treatment for plantar warts is imiqimod (Aldara) cream.

Most over-the-counter treatments for plantar warts contain salicylic acid. The over-the-counter treatments often suggest treating the plantar wart after bathing or soaking. Some suggest the user to rub the affected area with a pumice stone to remove any dead skin on the plantar wart. The over-the-counter treatment is then applied. The treated plantar wart is then covered with a pad.

A home remedy for plantar wart removal is the use of duct tape. The plantar wart is covered with a piece of duct tape for six days. Duct tape can be used alone or in combination with an over-the-counter treatment. After the six days, the person is to soak the foot and gently scrape the plantar wart with a pumice stone. This often results in the removal of the plantar wart.
When using home treatment, it is important to remember that plantar warts can spread if proper hygiene is not followed. Plantar warts can spread by handling them and touching other parts of the foot. A plantar wart should also be covered to avoid the contamination of shower and bathroom floors.

They can also spread from the skin shed from a plantar wart. Therefore, anyone using a home method that suggests rubbing the plantar wart with a pumice stone should keep in mind that the skin that sloughs off the wart can potentially cause the further spread of the plantar wart. Hands should be thoroughly washed after any home treatments.

Detecting Plantar Warts

2007-11-09T10:55:00.000+08:00

Plantar warts are warts that occur on the soles of the feet. They are noncancerous growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus is fairly common and may be present on the floor of a shower, especially public showers such as at the gym. They are treatable, but can cause pain, discomfort, or complications if left untreated.

Detecting a plantar wart can be done by examining the bottom of the foot for a wart. The human papillomavirus enters the skin through a small cut or abrasion. The virus causes the formation of a plantar wart.

Plantar warts appear as bumps on the bottom of the foot. These bumps are often hard with well-defined edges. They are usually brown or gray in color. The warts may have a rough or grainy surface. They also interrupt the natural lines of the skin on the soles of the feet. Plantar warts are often flat due to the pressure on the soles of the feet during walking, standing, and other activity.

They may contain tiny black spots, which are caused by clotted blood vessels in the affected area. When diagnosing a plantar wart, a doctor may pare it down with a scalpel. A plantar wart will bleed when cut. This distinguishes it from a callus or corn, which do not have a blood supply.

Once a plantar wart is detected, there are options for treatment. Some plantar warts go away without treatment, however some untreated plantar warts develop into precancerous lesions or cause excessive pain if left untreated. Therefore, it’s usually best to treat the plantar wart. Consult your doctor if you have any questions or if there is bleeding or inflammation of the affected area.
Treatment for plantar warts involves its removal. This can be done with over-the-counter remedies or by a doctor. The over-the-counter medications should not be used by people with diabetes, who are pregnant, or have circulatory or cardiovascular problems.

Plantar warts can reappear after their removal. If one persists after home treatment or recurs, see your doctor. Also, if the plantar wart changes in color or appearance or multiplies, you should seek treatment from your doctor.

Plantar warts can be spread to other areas of the soles of the feet or to other people. Proper hygiene is important to limit its spread. Shower floors and towels should be thoroughly cleaned. Plantar warts can also be spread by bleeding or skin shed from the plantar wart. Hands should be washed after touching or treating the affected area of the plantar wart to avoid further contamination. Scratching the plantar wart should be avoided.

The soles of the feet are often neglected until something is causing pain or discomfort. Problems can often be avoided or resolved quickly if the soles of the feet are checked regularly and proper hygiene is followed. This is especially important for young children and those with diabetes.

Plantar Warts

2007-11-07T11:11:00.000+08:00

Plantar warts appear as brown or gray hard, thick patches of skin. Plantar warts often appear to have dark specks. Plantar warts on feet are common. They are often flat due the pressure exerted on the feet. Plantar warts can cause pain while walking. They may cause discomfort that may feel like there is a small pebble in the shoe.

Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It is unlikely to develop a wart with every contact with HPV. However, the warts can be spread by touching the wart then touching other parts of the body. They can also be spread from person to person by contaminated showers and towels. People with foot injuries or weakened immune systems have a higher risk of developing plantar warts. Children and teenagers are especially susceptible to developing warts.
Most plantar warts are harmless and will even go away on their own in a few months, but can last for years. If someone experiences one or more plantar wart complications, they should seek medical advice. If a wart bleeds, becomes inflamed, or causes severe pain, a doctor should be consulted. Some untreated plantar warts can turn into precancerous lesions.

Over-the-counter treatments are available to get rid of a bothersome wart. A salicylic acid preparation is the most common over-the-counter medication. If a wart does not respond to treatment or if a fever develops after treatment, the affected person should seek medical attention. Overly aggressive treatment can cause a troublesome scar. People with diabetes, who are pregnant, or have circulatory or cardiovascular problems should never use the over-the-counter medications. Warts may reappear after treatment.

There are precautions that can be taken to prevent plantar warts. People should not walk barefoot, especially in public showers. If you have a plantar wart, it should be covered with waterproof tape when in public swimming pools or showers. Feet should be kept clean and dry. Socks should be changed daily. Children’s feet should be checked regularly. People should refrain from sharing shoes and socks.

To avoid enlarging or spreading the plantar wart, avoid picking at it, scratching it, or touching it excessively. Avoid contact with warts on other people. Try to limit contact with the wart against other parts of the body. Small cuts and scratches are especially susceptible to infection of the human papillomavirus and the warts it causes. Hands should be washed frequently, especially after dressing, handling the wart, or treating the wart.

If left untreated, warts can spread to the surrounding area forming a cluster called a mosaic wart. These larger warts can be painful and make it difficult to walk. Several treatment options are available. Besides the over-the-counter treatments, a doctor can remove a plantar wart surgically or with cryotherapy.
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Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Treatment

2007-11-05T08:06:00.001+08:00

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is caused by the compression of the nerves that lie inside the tarsal tunnel. This pressure on the nerves causes pain or numbness in the ankle, bottom of the foot, or along the calf. It may also cause a burning or tingling sensation. The tarsal tunnel syndrome could be caused by overuse, injury, or a disease that has caused swelling of the ankle.

If left untreated, permanent nerve damage can occur. A physician must diagnose tarsal tunnel syndrome since the pain could have many different causes. The doctor is likely to manipulate and press on the foot to determine the source of the pain. If the doctor suspects that a mass may be causing the pain, an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan might be used to rule out the presence of a mass.

Once diagnosed, the physician will discuss treatment options. Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used to help with pain and inflammation. The doctor may suggest rest and the use of ice packs on the affected area. Treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome is focused on alleviating pressure on the foot and ankle to give the injury a chance to heal.

Supportive shoes may be recommended by the physician. Custom shoe inserts that support the arch and restrict movement may be prescribed. Patients with fallen arches or severe cases of tarsal tunnel syndrome may have to wear a fitted brace. Sometimes a cast is used to restrict movement to allow healing of the nerve and surrounding tissue.

An injection of an anesthetic may be administered for pain relief. If less invasive methods of treatment fail to provide relief or if the cause of the tarsal tunnel warrants it, surgery may be recommended. A foot and ankle surgeon will do an exam and determine the best surgical procedure.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

2007-11-02T06:02:00.002+08:00