Toenail Fungus

Nail fungus can develop and flourish under toenails since the growth of the fungus is encouraged by warm, damp places such as shower floors and sweaty shoes. The infection may begin as a white or yellow spot under the toenail. As the fungus spreads, the nail may become completely yellowed, thick, and brittle. The fungus may cause an odor. Eventually, effected nails can separate from the nail bed.

Nail fungus is usually caused by a class of fungi called dermatophytes. It can also be caused by types of yeast and mold. Fingernails can also develop fungus. Toenails are more susceptible, not only because they can be in contact with damp surfaces such as shower floors, but also because the circulation is poorer in toes than in fingers. The lack of circulation interferes with the body’s immune system ability to fight the infection.

Older adults are at greater risk for nail fungus due to the poor circulation of the feet. Diabetes or a compromised immune system increases a person’s risk. Heavily perspiring or working in moist environments can put someone at greater risk. Repeated exposure to common sources of the fungi, such as swimming pools and public showers, increases the individual’s risk.

The doctor may prescribe an oral antifungal medication to treat the nail fungus. These medications prevent the fungus from infecting new nails growth. As the new, infection-free nails grow, the old infected nail can be periodically trimmed until the nail has been replaced by healthy nails.

An antifungal nail polish may be prescribed for cases that are not severe. This antifungal lacquer is not very effective in most cases. Topical medications may be prescribed instead, however they are not often effective on their own. Their use may be prescribed in for use in combination of oral antifungal medication. The doctor may determine that the nail needs to be removed.